【摘要】 鉴于研究含植物水流的紊流特性对河流治理及湿地恢复的重要意义,在大结构混凝土水槽中,以天然沉水植物狐尾藻和菹草为试验植物,利用三维超声波测速仪(ADV)测量含植物段水流,对5种工况下明渠紊流特性进行了研究。结果表明,含沉水植物水流时均流速垂线分布呈C形;植物密度较高时,紊动强度值相对较大且不同种类的植物对其影响趋于一致,低密度时紊动强度值相对较小,但垂线分布之间差异较为明显;植物密度越大脉动流速均方根值越大,同时紊流表现出明显的各向异性;雷诺切应力受种植密度及植物种类共同影响。更多还原

【Abstract】 In view of the important significance of turbulent characteristics of flow with plant for restoration of river and wetland,taking natural submerged macrophyte Myriophyllum spicatum and Potamogeton crispus in large structure of concrete tank as test plant,three-dimensional ultrasonic velocimetry measurement of ADV is used to measure water flow with plant section.And then the turbulence characteristics of open channel are studied under 5working conditions.The results show that the vertical mean velocity distribution with submerged macrophytes flow is in a C shape;when the plant density is high,the turbulence intensity value is relatively high and different kinds of plants on its effects tend to be consistent;turbulence intensity value is relatively small when the plant density is low density,but the difference of vertical distribution is obvious;with the increase of plant density,the fluctuation velocity of RMS increases;the turbulence appears obvious anisotropy;Reynolds shear stress affects by planting density and plant species.更多还原