【摘要】 目的了解手足口病合并脑炎病例的临床特点。方法对2011年4月～2012年3月在平顶山市某医院住院的手足口病合并脑炎169例进行描述性分析。结果 169例患儿中多数为男性3岁以下散居儿童,居住于农村。所有病例均为急性起病,出现发热,有皮疹,平均最高体温为(38.8±4.3)℃,皮疹主要为分布在手足口臀部的疱疹和丘疹,95.63%有3个及以上部位皮疹;头痛者占34.67%,呕吐者占31.55%,其中有20.75%为喷射性呕吐;神经系统症状多为精神萎靡、烦躁、表情淡漠和易激惹,脑膜刺激征阳性者占70.83%。1例出现循环衰竭,1例合并肺水肿。71.67%外周血白细胞计数增高,98.51%脑脊液压力增高。53.97%脑电图检查异常;19.72%脑CT检查异常。159例痊愈,9例好转,1例死亡。结论手足口病合并脑炎具有年龄小、起病急的特点,应对高危人群和患儿及早采取预防和诊疗措施,以降低发病和改善预后。更多还原

【Abstract】 Objective To explore the clinical characteristics of hand-foot-mouth disease(HFMD)combined with encephalitis. Methods The 169 HFMD combined with encephalitis cases hospitalized in Pingdingshan from April,2011 to March,2012 were investigated and descriptively analyzed. Results Most cases were male,children living in countryside separately under 3 years old. All the cases had acute onset,fever and skin rashes. The highest temperature was(38.8 ±4.3)℃,skin rashes were distributed mainly in hand,foot,mouth and hip and 95.63% cases had skin rashes distributed in three or more parts. There were 34.67% cases with headache and 31.55% cases with vomit(20.75% had projectile vomit). Main neurological symptoms were low spirits,dysphoria,dull appearance and fussiness,and 70.83% cases had meningeal irritation. There were 1 case with circulatory failure and 1 cases with pulmonary edema. 71.67% cases had increased peripheral blood white blood cell count,98.51% cases had increased cerebrospinal fluid pressure,53.97% cases had abnormal electroencephalogram(EEG)examination result and 19.72% cases had abnormal head CT examination result.Totally159 recovered,9 improved and 1 died. Conclusions HFMD combined with encephalitis cases hwere characterized with young age and acute onset. Prevention and treatment measures for High risk population and patients should be taken to reduce disease incidence and improve prognosis.更多还原