【摘要】 反应堆发生核事故时,放射性核素传输和扩散是影响事故辐射后果评价的重要因素。该文采用压力衰减法和气体示踪法2种实验手段对压水堆反应堆堆厅密封性能和核事故情况下堆厅的泄漏率进行了模拟试验研究。研究结果表明:在核事故后0.5h之内,反应堆堆厅内的放射性核素即可扩散到其他辅助厂房内,事故后0.5h内泄漏量占总释放量的50%以上;反应堆堆厅内的压力是影响泄漏率的重要因素,当压力为1.5MPa时,事故后0.5h之内,反应堆堆厅平均泄漏率可达6.04%;对于反应堆堆厅的泄漏率的检测,气体示踪实验是一种非常有效的方法。更多还原

【Abstract】 The transport and diffusion of radioactive nuclides is an important factor for evaluating the radiation consequences of a nuclear accident. The sealing and leakage rates of radioactive nuclides in a reactor hall were studied by simulation experiments using gas-tracing and pressure-attenuation.The results show that after a nuclear accident,the radioactive nuclides in the reactor hall can spread to other parts of the plants within 0.5hand the leakage rate is more than 50%.The pressure in the reactor hall significantly influences the leakage rate.At a pressure of 1.5MPa,the average leakage rate could reach 6.04% within 0.5h.The gas-tracer method is effective for monitoring leakage rates.更多还原