【摘要】 本文报道了内蒙古呼伦贝尔市鄂温克族成人200例19项头面部观察指标的特征.研究结果显示:(1)随年龄增长,男性眼外角高于眼内角的出现率下降,肤色变浅.女性铲形门齿率下降,女性颧部突出度凸型率增大而中等型率减小,眼色黑褐色率减小而浅褐色率增大,鼻翼宽狭窄型率、中等型率减小而宽阔型率增大.(2)与男性相比,鄂温克族女性头发较直,颧骨较突出,耳垂较圆,上眼睑皱褶出现率高,蒙古褶略少见,眼裂较宽,鼻根较低,鼻翼较宽,鼻基部更上翘.(3)鄂温克族具有蒙古人种明显的容貌特征,如铲型门齿率较高,有蒙古褶率高,颧骨突出,褐眼色.其肤色较浅,鼻根较高,波发率较高,提示其族源来自西伯利亚一带,与汉族和南方少数民族有一定的区别.(4)聚类分析结果显示,鄂温克族与图瓦人、怒族、布里亚特人、独龙族、汉族(文昌)、仫佬族头面部特征较为接近,具有蒙古人种北亚类型的特征.更多还原

【Abstract】 This paper reported the features of 19 head-face observation items of 200 Ewenkin adults in Hulun Buir City of the Inner Mongolia. It has been demonstrated that with age increasing,the occurrence rate that the male paropia is higher than angulus oculi medialis has dropped off,and the skin color has began to fade. And the rate of the female shovelshaped incisor has descended,the rate of the bony face has increased and moderate type has reduced,the appearance rate of black brown eyes has dropped and light brown eyes has abated,the narrow and moderate nostril has declined and the wide one has grown up. Comparing with the male,the female have straighter hair,more prominent zygomatic bone,and rounder earlobe,and the rate of their double eyes is high,the Mongoloid fold is rare,the eyelits are wider,the nasal root is lower,the alae nasi is wider,and the nasal base turns up. The Ewenki have obvious Mongolian appearance features,such as the rate of shovel-shaped incisor and the Mongolia fold is higher. They have prominent zygomatic bone,brown eyes,lighter skin,higher nasal root,and the rate of wave hair is higher,which hints that their ethnicity is from Siberia area,so they are different from Han and Southern minorities. The result of cluster analysis has showed that the head-face features of Ewenki are close to Tuvas,Nu,Buriats,Derung,Han in Wenchang,Mulao ethnic minorities,which they have features of Mongolian northern types.更多还原