【摘要】 于滇北洱海流域田间小区试验研究了大蒜‖蚕豆间作模式的环境效益,分析了不同种植模式的经济效益、作物养分利用状况、土壤养分残留状况、地下水氮磷含量、后茬水稻田土壤养分和田面水氮磷含量的变化。结果显示:大蒜‖蚕豆土地当量比(LER)为1.15,增产效果显著。大蒜‖蚕豆间作模式显著提高大蒜和蚕豆对氮的吸收利用,降低土壤硝态氮残留量,也显著降低地下水的硝态氮和可溶性氮的残留量,并且减少了后茬的土壤中无机氮残留,降低后茬水稻泡田期的氮磷流失风险。研究结果证实大蒜‖蚕豆间作模式是适宜当地种植的经济、环境效益双赢模式。本研究对推广合理的间作种植模式,减少农田氮磷流失等面源污染具有重要参考价值。更多还原

【Abstract】 We research for the environmental benefit intercropping patterns of vicia fava and garlic in Northern Yunnan Province Erhai Lake Basin.economic benefits,crop nutrient utilization,soil nutrient residue,groundwater nitrogen and phosphorus contents of intercropping patterns,and paddy field soil nutrient and the nitrogen and phosphorus contents of surface water in next season.The results showed that:the land equivalent ratio(LER)is greater than 1 of intercropping patterns of vicia fava and garlic,that means high efficiency intercropping than monoculture.The intercropping patterns of vicia fava and garlic significantly increased the nitrogen absorption and utilization,reduced soil nitrate residues,simultaneously,reduced nitrate and soluble nitrogen residues in groundwater.And intercropping mode could reduce the residual of inorganic nitrogen in the soil in the next quarter,also,reduced nitrogen and phosphorus loss risk in surface water of the next season.In this study,the intercropping modes of vicia fava and garlic was not only had better economic benefits but also had better environmental benefits in the local.It would provide reference for popularizing the reasonable planting structure and reducing the loss of nitrogen and phosphorus in farmland,reducing non-point source pollution of farmland.更多还原