【摘要】 采用随机入户调查的方式对位于四川盆地西缘的名山县农村居民饮用水暴露参数进行了研究。结果表明:研究区农村居民儿童、成年男性、成年女性和全体调查者,其体重平均值分别为30、64、56、57.6kg,每日平均饮水率分别为1.25、2.13、1.92、1.88L·d-1,皮肤表面积均值分别为1、1.72、1.57、1.6m2;随着年龄的增长,3种暴露参数均表现出先增加,46～60岁时达到最大值,之后缓慢减少的变化趋势;研究区男性、女性的体重和皮肤表面积与美国、澳大利亚、加拿大居民差异较大;男性、女性饮水率与我国北方居民亦有差异,相比较分别低37.7%、38.5%。因此,建议按区域建立我国居民的暴露参数数据库,以降低健康风险评估结果的非确定性。更多还原

【Abstract】 Using random sampling method, this study investigated the drinking water exposure characteristics of rural residents in the western edge of the Sichuan Basin, and got 1240 investigators′ information. Three groups including male, female and all subjects would be divided to analyze with SPSS17.0 software. The results showed that:age and sex could influence exposure parameters. For children, adult males, adult females and all the investigators, average body weight of these groups were 30 kg, 64 kg, 56 kg, 57.6 kg respectively; average daily drinking water intake rate were 1.25 L·d-1, 2.13 L·d-1, 1.92 L·d-1, 1.88 L·d-1respectively; and average skin surface area were 1 m 2 , 1.72 m 2 , 1.57 m 2 , 1.6 m 2 respectively. These three exposure parameters increased with age at first, and reached up to the maximum at the age of 46～60, then gradually decreased. Compared with the residents of US, Australia and Canada, the mean of body weight for male and female in the study area were below 23%～25%, 12%～20.8%, respectively, and average skin surface area were below12.8%～16.3%、7.6%～8.3%, respectively. Average daily drinking water intake rate for male and female were lower northern residents of China 37.7%、38.5%, respectively. Therefore, it′s an urgent need for building regional residents exposure factors database in order to reduce uncertainty of health risk assessment.更多还原