【摘要】 依据马斯洛的需要理论,重新解读了古希腊代表性城邦——斯巴达与雅典——的体育,斯巴达体育带有浓厚的军事性,雅典体育则相对人性化——比较注重人的均衡发展,这种体育特点的差异与它们背后地理环境和经济、政治生态的差异紧密相关,后者决定前者的性质、特点和面貌,因此,体育的根本问题只能从其赖以生存和发展的基本国情中去寻找;体育实践的根本着力点只能放在其赖以生存和发展的经济、政治、文化、社会和生态的"土壤"改良上;体育模式正确与否的基本标准只能是看它与其赖以生存和发展的土壤是否匹配上。更多还原

【Abstract】 Citing Maslow’s Hierarchy of Needs,this paper reinterprets sport undertaken in the two representative city-states of ancient Greece——Sparta and Athens.Sport in Sparta was military-oriented,while sport in Athens was relatively human-oriented,stressing the balanced development of a person.This divergence stemmed from the differences between the two city-states in geography,economy and politics.Consequently,solutions to fundamental questions about sport can only be found in the national conditions of a country where sport survives and thrives.Sport activities should be undertaken with the main focus on the reforming of the "soil"upon which sport depends to survive and develop——economy,politics,culture,society and ecology.The sole criterion for judging a sport development model is its suitability for the "soil".更多还原