【摘要】 我国"十二五"期间实施水污染物总量控制的指标是化学需要量(COD)和氨氮。采用河流一维稳态模型,分水期、分区段对吉林省松花江干流COD和氨氮环境容量进行核算。结果表明:吉林省松花江干流COD和氨氮环境容量分别为631833.0 t/a和26 469.3 t/a,水环境容量较大,其中丰水期分别为3 127.1 t/a和133.7 t/a,平水期分别为1 250.6 t/a和52.8 t/a,枯水期分别为807.8 t/a和30.7 t/a,均具有丰水期>平水期>枯水期的特点;吉林市段、长春市段和松原市段COD环境容量分别为220 209.6 t/a、296 615.7 t/a和115 007.8 t/a,具有中游段(长春市段)>上游段(吉林市段)>下游段(松原市段)的特点;氨氮分别为11 848.2 t/a、10 683.0 t/a和3 938.1 t/a,具有上游段>中游段>下游段的特点;各区段剩余环境容量均较小,其中长春市段丰水期氨氮剩余环境容量为负值,需削减该段的氨氮入河量。应科学合理利用水环境容量,促进吉林省社会经济和水环境的协调发展。更多还原

【Abstract】 Chemical oxygen demand(COD) and ammonia nitrogen(NH3-N) are the only two pollutants for total amount control implemented during the China’s Twelfth Five-Year Plan period.One-dimensional steady-state model was adopted to calculate the water environment capacity at different water periods and different sections in the main stream of Songhua River in Jilin Province.Results from calculations have made clear that the COD and NH3-N water environment capacity in the main stream of Songhua River in Jilin Province were 631 833.0 t / a and 26 469.3 t / a,respectively,and that the COD and NH3-N water environment capacity were 3 127.1 t / d and 133.7 t / d in high water period,1 250.6 t / d and 52.8 t / d in normal flow period,and 807.8 t / d and 30.7 t / d in low water period,respectively,both showing the characteristics of high water period > normal flow period > low water period.The water environment capacity in Jilin city section,Changchun city section and Songyuan city section for COD were 220 209.6 t / a,296 615.7 t / a and 115 007.8 t / a,respectively,showing the characteristics of midstream(Changchun city section) > upstream(Jilin city section) > downstream(Songyuan city section);and for NH3-N were 11 848.2 t / a、10 683.0 t / a and 3 938.1 t / a,respectively,showing the characteristics of upstream > midstream > downstream.The residual environment capacity of all the three sections were relatively small,and in particular,the NH3-N residual water environment capacity of Changchun city section in high water period was less than zero,implying that the amount of NH3-N discharged into this section should be cut down.Water environment capacity should be used scientifically to promote the harmonious development of social economy and water environment in Jilin Province.更多还原