【摘要】 认知和抑郁障是中国老年人常见的心理障碍,已成为严重的公共卫生问题,主要原因是快速的老龄化。为解决这一问题,中国政府资助了一项重大研究,以建立老年人常见心理障碍的早期识别、评估和非药物治疗标准。本文介绍了此研究的总体方法学。来自于8个省市的15个研究中心将从60岁以上老年人群中招募有代表性的研究样本,收集详细的病史资料,完成躯体和神经系统检查,进行全套神经心理测验和临床评定量表评估,采用DSM-IV定式临床访谈作出诊断。初始评估结束后第1年和第3年,将对研究对象进行随访评估。轻度认知损害(mild cognitive impairment,MCI)和亚临床抑郁者会被纳入随机对照研究,接受认知训练(MCI者)或团体认知行为治疗(亚临床抑郁者)。研究结果将用于估计老年入的认知和情感障碍的患病率,制定标准的筛查程序在全国推广应用,并促进采用针对性的干预措施来预防MCI发展为痴呆及老年亚临床抑郁进展为抑郁症。更多还原

【Abstract】 Cognitive and depressive disorders are common in elderly Chinese and are becoming an increasingly important public health problem,partly because of the rapid aging of the population.To help address this issue China’s national government has funded a major study to establish national standards for the early identification, evaluation and treatment of common psychological disorders in the elderly.The present paper describes the overall methodology of this study.Fifteen centers in eight provinces will recruit representative samples of subjects aged 60 and over,collect a detailed history,conduct a physical and neurological examination,administer a comprehensive battery of psychological tests,and carry out a diagnostic exam using the Structured Clinical Interview for DSM-IV(SCID).These subjects will participate in follow-up evaluations one year and three years after the initial evaluation.Subsamples of subjects with mild cognitive,impairment(MCI) and subclinical depression will be enrolled in randomized controlled trials of a cognitive training program(for MCI) or group cognitive behavioral therapy(for subclinical depression).The results of the study will be used to estimate the prevalence of cognitive and affective disorders in the elderly,to develop a standard screening procedure for these conditions that can be promulgated nationally,and to promote the use of specific interventions that can prevent the development of dementia in persons with MCI and the development of depressive episodes in elderly individuals with subclinical depression.更多还原