【摘要】 为了解大连新港"7.16"输油管道爆炸溢油事故发生后石油污染以及其他环境因子的改变对大连湾海区表层海水和沉积物中细菌丰度的影响,本研究在2010年9月至2011年7月期间对大连湾表层海水和沉积物先后开展了石油烃降解菌丰度、异养细菌丰度和石油烃含量以及海水主要环境因子跟踪调查。结果表明:在溢油事故发生后,大连湾海区表层海水和沉积物中,尤其是湾口和湾中部的石油烃降解菌和异养细菌丰度显著增长,但高含量的石油污染会不同程度抑制其生长;事故发生1 a后,石油烃含量有所下降,石油烃降解菌和异养细菌丰度较事故初期回落1~2个数量级;石油烃含量对石油烃降解菌丰度和异养细菌丰度的影响显著,而营养盐、溶解氧等其他环境因子对其影响不显著。因此,在排除溶解氧、营养盐对细菌丰度的影响之后,用石油烃降解菌丰度和异养细菌丰度可以客观反映石油烃的污染程度。更多还原

【Abstract】 In order to study the influence on the abundance of bacteria in surface seawater and sediment since oil pollution and other environmental factors have changed after the Dalian Xingang " 7. 16" pipeline explosion and oil spill accident happened,the concentration of petroleum hydrocarbon,abundance of hydrocarbon-degradating bacteria and heterotrophic bacteria,and other environmental factors in Dalian Bay were investigated from September 2010 to July 2011. The results showed that after the oil spill accident happened,hydrocarbon-degradating bacteria and heterotrophic bacteria in seawater and sediment growed significantly,especially in the mouth and the middle of Dalian Bay; High concentration of petroleum hydrocarbon inhibited the growth of bacteria to some degree; Almost one year after the accident,concentration of petroleum hydrocarbon declined,abundance of hydrocarbon-degradating bacteria and heterotrophic bacteria falled 1 ~ 2 orders of magnitude compared with the beginning of accident; Abundance of hydrocarbon-degradating bacteria and heterotrophic bacteria both positively correlated with concentration of petroleum hydrocarbon significantly,yet environmental factors such as nutrients and dissolved oxygen were not significantly correlated. Therefore,after excluding the impcts of dissolved oxygen,nutrients on bacteria abundance,the extent of oil spill pollution can be objectively reflect by abundance of hydrocarbondegradating bacteria and heterotrophic bacteria.更多还原