【摘要】 分蘖和多穗是禾本科植物的普遍特性,也是栽培玉米的重要功能性状,对玉米分蘖和多穗性进行遗传研究,可为分蘖型和多穗型玉米的选育提供参考。本研究用26份自交系按7×19不完全双列杂交模式配制133个杂交组合为供试材料,对玉米分蘖和多穗性的配合力和遗传效应进行了分析,结果表明:(1)在19个远缘选系中,1147分蘖性和多穗性GCA效应正向最大,多穗性GCA效应正向值较大的还有1193和1169,156×1147和K389×1164分蘖数和果穗数SCA分别为正向效应最大;(2)玉米分蘖性和多穗性的加性效应远大于非加性效应,但其狭义遗传力分别仅为48.66%和36.12%,育种上宜在晚代进行选择。以玉米自交系K169×1147的202个F2:3家系为作图群体,构建了具有132对SSR标记的玉米遗传图谱,覆盖整个基因组1979.6cM,平均图距15.0cM,共检测到控制玉米有效穗数的QTL7个,分别位于1、2、3、6、7染色体,其中第1、3染色体上各有2个QTL,但位于第2染色体上的QTL效应最大,贡献率达27.31%,该研究结果丰富了玉米分子遗传学信息,为多穗玉米的分子育种奠定了基础。更多还原

【Abstract】 Tillering and prolificacy are the widespread characteristics of gramineous plants,and also the important function traits of cultivated maize.To study the heredity of tillering and prolificacy in maize,can give reference for tillering and prolificacy maize breeding.In this study,the inheritance and combining ability effects of tillering and prolificacy in maize were studied using 133 F1 combinations derived from 26 inbred lines by 7 × 19 incomplete diallel crossing.The results indicated that:(1) Among 19 inbred lines,line 1147 showed the highest positive general combining ability(GCA) effect of tillering and prolificacy,lines 1193 and 1169 showed higher GCA effect of prolificacy,156 × 1147 and K389 × 1164 had the positive maximum specific combining ability(SCA) of tiller.(2) The additive effects was greater than non additive effects about the tillering and prolificacy character,and the narrow heritability was respectively 48.66% and 36.12%,suggesting that these characteristics should be selected in the late generations.202 F2: 3 family lines derived from a single cross between the inbred line K169 and 1147 were used for the mapping population,the maize genetic linkage map with 132 pairs of SSR markers had been established,which covered 1979.6cM of the whole genome with average map distance of 15.0 cM,7 QTLs for prolificacy which located on chromosome 1,2,3,6 and 7 respectively were identified in this study,with 2 QTLs on chromosome 1 and 3 respectively.The QTL on chromosome 2 had the highest additive effect which explained 27.31% of the total variance.The results had enriched the molecular genetic information in maize,and this work paved a foundation for molecular breeding of prolificacy maize.更多还原