【摘要】 采取跑台训练方式,建立大鼠有氧运动和疲劳运动模型,采用苦味酸—天狼猩红染色及透射电镜法探讨有氧训练和大强度疲劳训练对大鼠心肌Ⅰ、Ⅲ型胶原纤维,闰盘及毛细血管组织结构的影响.结果显示:对照组和有氧训练组心肌Ⅰ、Ⅲ型胶原纤维,闰盘及毛细血管组织结构良好;疲劳训练组心肌Ⅰ、Ⅲ型胶原纤维发生扭曲、溶解及过度增生等病理改变,同时,其闰盘发生断裂、扩张和局部溶解,血管管壁增厚,管腔变窄,内皮细胞结构紊乱.统计结果表明,与安静对照组相比,有氧运动可增加大鼠心脏Ⅰ、Ⅲ型胶原纤维的量(P<0.05),而疲劳训练组胶原纤维增长失衡,Ⅰ型胶原纤维显著增加,Ⅲ型胶原纤维显著减少(P<0.05～0.01).以上结果说明,不同强度运动训练影响大鼠心肌Ⅰ、Ⅲ型胶原纤维的空间分布和量的变化,并且影响闰盘和毛细血管的形态结构,疲劳运动造成的心脏组织结构病理改变可能与运动实践中的心率失常及运动猝死关系密切.更多还原

【Abstract】 In this study,rat models of aerobic exercise and exercise-induced fatigue were established through running on an animal treadmill.Picrosirius polarization and transmission electron microscope method were applied to display the collagen fibers type Ⅰ,Ⅲ,blood capillary and intercalary disc tissue structural changes in rat’s myocardium.The results demonstrated that in the control group and aerobic exercise group,collagen fibers type Ⅰ,Ⅲ microstructure,blood vessel and intercalary disc ultrastructural were normal in the myocardium.However,exercise-induced fatigue leading to collagen type Ⅰ,Ⅲ microstructure,blood capillary and intercalary disc ultrastructural abnormal,distortion,dissolution in the myocardium.Compared with control group,statistical results showed that aerobic training increase both the collagen fibers type Ⅰ and Ⅲ(P<0.05).However,exercise-induced fatigue leading to collagen fibers type Ⅰ increase significantly,and decrease collagen fibers type Ⅲ significantly(P<0.05~0.01).In summary,exercise with different intensities demonstrated different effects for collagen fibers type Ⅰ,Ⅲ,intercalary disc and blood vessel in the myocardium.Exercise-induced fatigue collagen fibers type Ⅰ,Ⅲ disbalance,intercalary disc and blood capillary ultrastructural changes like pathology situation may be close relation with sports arrhythmia and sudden death in sports.更多还原