【摘要】 【目的】对盾叶莓的繁育特性及生态适应能力进行初步研究,为该物种的进一步开发利用提供依据。【方法】通过野外观察和生殖器官的显微结构观察,分析野生盾叶莓的繁殖特性;将野生盾叶莓引种到不同海拔地区,比较两地盾叶莓的物候期和繁殖特性,分析其生态适应能力。【结果】在自然条件下,盾叶莓的繁殖主要以根蘖苗和基生苗的方式进行。幼苗当年8月底长成,11月中下旬花芽分化形成;落叶越冬后次年4月上旬～5月上旬开花,单花花期5～7d,传粉媒介主要是蜂类,6月底～7月上旬果实成熟。在两处引种地盾叶莓营养繁殖和营养生长均良好,在引种地1果实产量比野生状态高,而在引种地2果实产量显著降低。扦插繁殖试验结果,蘸取1000mg/L生根粉与100mg/L硼酸混合溶液处理10s的插条成活率最高,木质化插条90d成活率为52%,半木质化插条成活率为93%。【结论】盾叶莓4～5月开花,6月底～7月初果实成熟,以营养繁殖为主要繁殖方式;在海拔11～50m的低海拔地区引种,盾叶莓的营养生长状况良好,但结实量明显下降,生态适应能力较弱;在海拔800m以上地区引种,盾叶莓的营养生长良好,结实率比野生植株高,物候期提前。更多还原

【Abstract】 Objective Breeding characters and ecological adaptability of Rubus peltatus were primarily studied to provide references for its further development and application. Method Breeding characters were analyzed using field and microscopic observations. Breeding characters and phenological period of plants in different areas were compared to analyze ecological adaptability. ResultThe main breeding means were vegetative reproduction of root suckers and basal seedlings. The seedlings grew quickly and matured in August, and floral bud differentiated in November. After defoliating, Rubus peltatus lived through the winter and bloomed from early April to early May next year. The blossom of a single flower stage could last approximately 5-7 days. The most frequent floral visitors were bees. Fruits matured at late June and early July. Vegetative growth and reproduction of Rubus peltatus were good in the two experimental places. Fruit yield of plot 1 was higher while fruit of plot 2 was lower. Cutting survival rate was the highest in mixture of 1000 mg/L ABT and 100 mg/L boric acid for 10 s. The survival rate of ligneous cutting on 90 d and half-ligneous cutting was 52% and 93%, respectively. Conclusion Rubus peltatus blossomed from early April to early May, and its fruits ripened between late June and early July. But its main breeding means were vegetative repro-duction. Vegetative growth of Rubus peltatus was good with lower fruiting rate and weaker ecological adaptability at 11-50m above sea level, while at over 800 m above sea level, vegetative growth was fine with higher fruiting rate than wild plants, and its phenological period was ahead of time.更多还原