【摘要】 【目的】在龙眼上,营养系杂交和杂种真实性早期鉴定的工作都还开展甚少,为了研发出既操作简便又稳定可靠的早期鉴定技术,【方法】以人工杂交获得的‘凤梨朵’ב大乌圆’的大规模F1代杂交群体(简称FD群体)中的230个单株为试材,先通过40个RAPD引物对双亲进行扩增筛选获得父本特异性的显性标记,再以父本的小规模自交群体(9株)为材料,明确这些标记在自交群体中的分离情况,最终鉴别出纯显性标记并用于对FD群体的杂种真实性鉴定。【结果】结果表明,对双亲进行扩增的RAPD引物中有9个能扩增出父本特异性的显性标记,用这9个引物检测父本自交群体的分离情况,最终鉴别出纯显性标记1个,用其对FD群体中的230个单株进行杂种真实性鉴定,发现有223个单株为真杂种,真杂种比例高达96.96%。【结论】既获得了早期鉴定杂种真实性的简便方法,又证明了创建的龙眼杂种群体非常可靠,值得在今后的育种工作中借鉴和使用。更多还原

【Abstract】 【Objective】Clonal cross-breeding is a main approach to breed new fruit cultivars,and developing convenient and reliable techniques for early hybrid identification is necessary.However,there are still few reports on clonal cross-breeding and hybrid identification related to longan.【Method】In this study,longan hybrids from ‘Fengliduo’ × ‘Dawuyuan’ F1 population created by artificial crossing were used as research materials.Nine RAPD primers that produced male specific markers were selected from 40 RAPD primers that used to analyze parental cultivars;nine self-crossed progenies of ‘Dawuyuan’ were detected by these 9 selected primers,and a male homozygous dominant marker that corresponded to an inseparable loci were found for identifying individuals in F1 population.【Result】 230 individuals were detected and 223 were identified as real hybrids of ‘Fengliduo’בDawuyuan’ with a high rate up to 96.96%.【Conclusion】 In this study,an efficient method for identifying early hybrids was obtained,and the longan hybrid population created was proved reliable,both of which can be used in further breeding works.更多还原