【摘要】 目的测定20种清热解毒中草药的80%乙醇提取物体外对标准金黄色葡萄球菌(SA)和耐甲氧西林金黄色葡萄球菌(MRSA)的抗菌活性,筛选出抑菌效果好的药材。方法制备20种云南中草药乙醇提取物,采用常规琼脂扩散法对SA及临床分离的MRSA菌株(MRSA82、MRSA92、MRSA111、MRSA135、MRSA144)进行体外抑菌试验,倍比稀释法测定最低抑菌浓度(MIC)和最低杀菌浓度(MBC)。结果 20种中草药醇提取物的提取率为5.33%~15.89%,其中红花提取率(15.89%)最高,龙葵(12.64%)次之,菟丝子(5.33%)最低。初筛结果显示,16种中草药对SA及其耐药菌呈现不同程度的抑制作用,高度敏感(抑菌圈直径≥16 mm)的中草药4种(十大功劳、夏枯草、香薷草、老鹳草);中度敏感(抑菌圈直径>10 mm,<16 mm)的中草药9种(马鞭草、翻白草、酢浆草、一枝黄花、紫花地丁、茵陈、车前草、金钱草、绣球防风);轻度敏感(抑菌圈直径≤10 mm)的中草药3种(白头翁、凌霄花、韭菜籽)。多数中草药对耐药菌的抑菌圈大于对标准菌的抑菌圈。13种抑菌活性较好(中、高度敏感)的中草药提取物,对标准菌和耐药菌的MIC为64~1 024μg/mL,MBC为128~2 048μg/mL。结论十大功劳、夏枯草、香薷草及老鹳草具有较强的抗金黄色葡萄球菌活性,且对MRSA也有较好的抑制作用。更多还原

【Abstract】 Objective To determine antimicrobial activity of 80%ethanol extracts of 20 kinds of heat-clearing and toxicity-removing Chinese herbal medicines(CHM)against Staphylococcus aureus(SA)and methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus(MRSA),so as to screen medicines with strong bacterial inhibition.Methods Ethanol extracts of 20 kinds of CHM were prepared,in vitro antimicrobial activity against SA and MRSA(MRSA82,MRSA92,MRSA111,MRSA135,and MRSA144)were determined by agar-diffusion method,minimum inhibitory concentration(MIC)and minimum bactericidal concentration(MBC)were determined by double-dilution method.Results The extraction rate of ethanol extracts of 20 kinds of CHM ranged 5.33%-15.89%,Flos Carthami had the highest extraction rate(15.89%),followed by Solanum nigrum(12.64%),Cuscuta chinensis Lam had the lowest extraction rate(5.33%),16 kinds of ethanol extracts showed different inhibitory effect on SA and MRSA,4kinds of extracts had high antimicrobial activity(inhibition zone diameter[IZD]≥16 mm,including Mahonia bealei[Fort.],Prunella vulgaris,Herba moslae,and Geranium wilfordii Maxim),9 extracts had moderate antimicrobal activity(IZD[>10 mm,<16 mm],including Herba Verbenae,Potentilla discolor,Oxanlis corniculata L.,Solidago decurrens Lour,Viola philippica Car,Herba artemisiae Scopariae,Plantago asiaticaL&Plantago depressa Willd,Lysima chiachristinae Hance,and Leucas ciliata Benth),3 extracts had low antimicrobial activity(IZD ≤10mm,including Pulsatilla chinensis[Bunge]Regel,Campsis grandiflora,and Allium tuberosum Rottler).IZD of most extracts for MRSA were larger than that of standard strain.MIC and MBC of 13 kinds of extracts with better antimicrobial activity against standard and drug-resistant strains were 64-1 024μg/mL and 128-2 048μg/mL respectively.Conclusion Ethanol extracts of Mahonia bealei(Fort.),Prunella vulgaris,Herba moslae,and Geranium wilfordii Maxim have strong antimicrobial activity against MRSA.更多还原