【摘要】 为解决越来越严重的太空安全问题,欧盟提出了"太空活动行为准则"草案,希望各国在自愿原则下批准执行这个准则。美国则针锋相对提出了本国的太空行为准则。美国所倡议的准则不仅排除法律约束力,而且还涵盖"国家安全"例外原则,与欧盟争夺国际太空行为准则主导权的意味浓厚。学者们在太空行为准则是否能促进太空安全问题上存在争议。太空行为准则的反对派、支持派观点几乎完全相左;而折中派则介于两者之间。美欧之间的竞争以及学者们之间的分歧,主要源于在如何保护"全球公地"安全的理念上存在分歧。如果欧盟能够与目前联合国主导的政府专家组的太空透明与信任建设机制会谈结合起来,其准则被多数国家认可的机会就会很高。中国需要在国际规则制定上发挥积极作用。更多还原

【Abstract】 In order to address the issue of space security which is more and more serious,the EU advanced the Draft Code of Conduct for Outer Space Activities,and hoped states implement the non-legal binding Code in the principle of voluntariness.But the USA raised its code of space conduct,which was also non-legal binding,and contained the principle of "national security" exception.The EU and the USA contended for the dominance on the code with each other.The contest between the USA and the EU,and the disputes among scholars come from the divergence of ideas on how to protect the global commons security.If the EU can integrate the code into the regime of TCBMs by the EEG in the UN,the EU’s Code will probably be accepted by the international community.China should play a positive role in establishing new international rules.更多还原