【摘要】 唐代军队幕府中设有参谋一职,属于军队文职系统,只设立于与军事相关的幕府中。但参谋一职最不稳定,几度被废罢。与此相应的,其职掌与地位也发生了极大的变化,原本参议谋划军机事务,地位颇重,到安史之乱以后奉命出使,尤其是到唐末五代主要从事历法编撰及阴阳五行、天文术数、占卜丧葬等事务,必以阴阳技术者处之,其地位也沦于将校之末。由于传世史料主要记录参谋的军事活动,而敦煌文献则记载了归义军参谋编造历日及阴阳技术等活动,所以必须充分结合这两类资料,才能完整地挖掘出参谋一职及其演变的历史实相。更多还原

【Abstract】 In the Tang Dynasty,there had been a position of staff officer "Canmou. "It was only established in the military-related shogunate. In the civilian system,it was the most unstable position, which was resumed several times soon after it was abolished. Correspondingly,the responsibility and status of the position underwent great changes. Originally it involved planning military policies,with a higher status; after the An-shi Rebellion,many officers of the position were dispatched to capital or other military governments as diplomatic envoys; then it was related to calendar affairs in the Five Dynasties, principally engaged in the compilation of calendar,dealing with yin-yang and five elements,astronomy, divination and funeral affairs,and the officers took this position,which was relegated to the end of the army staff,must have been yin-yang technicians. This article argues that the two kinds of materials— historical records that mainly carried down the military activities of the staff and Dunhuang manuscripts that recorded Guiyijun staff’s activities of compiling calendar and yin-yang technology, should be sufficiently combined together to expose the historical truth of this position and its evolution.更多还原