【摘要】 按照表层土壤(0~20cm)4km~2、深层土壤(150~200cm)16km~2测试1个样品,江苏全省收集了24186个和6127个表、深层土壤样品54项地球化学指标的调查数据。在分析研究上述双层土壤样品中元素含量及典型土壤沉积柱元素分布特点的基础上,探讨了江苏省域内土壤中Cd,Hg,Se,S和C等元素的地表富集即人为环境富集现象及人为活动对土壤元素分布的影响,结果表明:1)土壤中Cd,Hg,Se,S,Sn,C,N,P,Br,Pb,Zn,Sb,Bi,Au,Cu,Cl和TOC等元素形成了显著人为环境富集和土壤酸化;2)Cd,Hg,Se,Br,N,S,C,Sn,P,Pb,Zn,TOC和pH是示踪土壤环境受人为活动影响的最灵敏指标,可用作长期考察人为活动对土壤环境的影响,它们在地表土壤中分布不均衡、变异系数多大于0.5,深度40cm以上是人为活动影响土壤中元素分布的主要范围;3)土壤中N,S,TOC,Hg,Se和Br等元素的人为环境富集系数大于2.0的比例超过50%;4)江苏13个省辖市的人口密度与各自土壤的Se,Hg,Cd和S等元素人为环境平均增量呈显著正相关,推测与各地近期大量消耗煤炭资源的强度有关。更多还原

【Abstract】 Whole multi-target regional geochemistry survey of 1:250000 on Quaternary sediments had been accomplished in Jiangsu Province by 2007,and a large number of geochemical data from soil samples have been obtained.As the first eco-geochemical surveying harvest covering a provincial whole land in China,its further research has been regarded very highly.In this paper,elements concentration and its distribution in typical sedimentary profiles of soil and relevant eco-geochemical surveying data have been studied.These data are from 24186 top-soil samples and6127 deep-soil samples,and every samples tested total contents of 52 elements,including Si,Al,Mg,Ca,Fe,K,Na,C,N,P,S,Se,B,Mn,Ti,V,Co,Cr,Ni,Cu,Pb,Zn,Cd,As,Sb,Bi,Hg,Mo,W,Sn,Ag,Au,Sr,Ba,La,Ce,Y,Sc,Zr,Th,U,Ga,Ge,Tl,Li,Be,Rb,Nb,F,Cl,Br and I,pH and total organic carbon(TOC),in total 54.The above stated samples are evenly distributed in whole soil,and there is a sample within per 4km2 scopes in top-soil and its sampling depth is 0 ~20cm,yet there is a sample within per 16km scopes in deep-soil and its sampling depth is150 ~ 200cm.The present study summarizes distributive characteristics of relevant elements within soil from different areas of Jiangsu Province,calculates and analyses typical elements enriched factors(EFs) in surface environmental soil,describes anthropogenic environmental enrichment phenomenon of some elements so Cd,Hg,Se,S,C,and so on,discusses effects of artificial activities on soil element distribution,and induces or sums up causes of anthropogenic environmental enrichment of typical elements in soil.From the study,the following conclusions can be made:1) following typical elements formed significant anthropogenic environmental enrichment and soil acidification,as Cd,Se,S,Hg,Sn,C,N,P,Br,Pb,Zn,Sb,Bi,Au,Cu,Cl,TOC,etc;2) Cd,Se,Hg,Sn,Br,N,S,C,P,TOC,pH,Pb and Zn are the most sensitive tracer or characteristic indicator reflecting human activities effect to elemental distribution in soil,enriched depths of these elements are not beyond 40cm in the edaphic sedimentary column at most cases,and their distributions are normally uneven in soil and the varied coefficients(Cv) of elements content are larger than 0.5.The above stated 13 indicators can be used as a long-term study of human activities on soil environment influence in the Jiangsu Province;3) above 50%of the samples show enriched factors(EFs) in anthropogenic environmental soil are larger than 2.0 as to the following elements,for N,S,TOC,Hg,Se,Br,ete.There are higher proportion polluted by Cd,Hg and Pb in soil around some large city;and 4) there are obvious positive correlated relationship between the population density and mean anthropogenic environmental added content of Se,Hg,Cd and S(or so mean ASe,AHg,ACd and AS;A = topsoil-deep soil) in soil from 13 cities of the Jiangsu’s,the Jiangsu’s administrative areas consist of 13 cities including Nanjing City,Suzhou City,Wuxi City,Changzhou City,Zhenjiang City,Yangzhou City,Taizhou City,Nantong City,Yancheng City,Huai’an City,Suqian City,Xuzhou City,and Lianyungang City,and this pertinence pointed out impact on edaphic environmental evolution in recent industry development because of consuming coal resources on a large scale.Furthermore,with the enforcement of artificial activities on soil environment,the effect and significance related to elemental anthropogenic environmental enrichment will become more and more obvious and important in soil.更多还原