【摘要】 五项和平共处原则是中国外交政策的根本和基础。在对外关系以及国际关系中,中国也历来主张和坚持国际法上"不干涉内政原则"。然而,针对世界上一些国家内部发生的大规模屠杀平民的犯罪行为,加拿大"国家主权与干涉国际委员会"于2001年发表了关于国家保护责任的报告,主张国际社会在一国发生大规模屠杀平民的犯罪行为时,有权介入并予以制止。加拿大的报告一经提出,就在世界范围内引起广泛的关注和讨论。对于其中强调的国家保护责任,2005年世界首脑会议宣言及联合国安理会的决议都予以了肯定。当国际社会讨论该如何应对利比亚和叙利亚局势时,也将履行国家保护责任作为讨论的基础和依据。不过,由于保护责任涉及到使用武力和军事干涉,因而完全有理由怀疑它会被用来作为干涉它国的借口。在现今国际关系中,如何在坚持国际法上不干涉他国内政原则的同时、又能预防和制止一国针对平民的大规模屠杀,这对中国的传统外交政策来说是一个挑战。更多还原

【Abstract】 The responsibility to protect ( R2P) is the conceptual framework within which to consider international intervention to deal with the commission of massatrocity crimes. Emerging in 2001,R2P was quick to obtain international recognition. Its acceptance by the World Summit of political leaders in 2005, and later by the UN Security Council,have provided the foundation for its further elaboration in international relations. However,there are some serious concerns about this concept. The most controversial dimension has been the use of military force. China is afraid that this R2P may be used as a tool of political interference. The Libya and Syria cases have tested the viability and efficacy of the R2P framework,which,to a certain extent,challenges China’s traditional emphasis on non-intervention in the domestic affairs of other states and non-use of military force.更多还原