【摘要】 通过场发射扫描电镜(FE-SEM)、傅里叶变换红外(FTIR)光谱、X射线粉晶衍射(XRD)对淡水三角帆蚌贝壳各壳层的微结构特征及化学组成进行较系统的对比研究。结果表明:在贝壳的垂直生长层方向,最外层的角质层可细化为外角质层与矿化区,其中在贝壳的不同区域中该角质层的厚度存在明显差异;棱柱层中的棱柱与外层的角质层及内层的珍珠层文石板片呈近垂直交接,棱柱层的厚度在贝壳的不同位置同样存在差异;首次发现珍珠层中文石板片的厚度从接近棱柱层一端至珍珠层内侧面逐渐变厚,该结论与前人的文献报道恰好相反。基于本研究的结论,推测贝壳中复合的微纳米结构与化学组成共同决定了软体动物贝壳优异的力学性能。更多还原

【Abstract】 Microstructure and chemical composition of a kind of limnetic shell(Hyriopsis cumingii)were systematically observed and measured by the field emission-scanning electron microscopy(SEM),Fourier transformation infrared spectroscopy(FTIR)and X-ray diffraction(XRD).The results show that in the vertical direction of shell,the periostracum layer can be further divided into the outer organic matrix and mineralized layer,whose thickness is not uniform in different regions of the shell.The bar-structure in prismatic layer is nearly perpendicular to periostracum layer and aragonite plates in nacreous layer,the thickness of prismatic layer is not the same in different regions of the shell.It is firstly found that the thickness of the individual aragonite plate increases from near prismatic layer to inner surface of nacreous layer,which does not coincide with the previous report.Based on the present research,it could be inferred that the composite materials and different length scales play a significant role in the mechanical performances of mollusks shell.更多还原