【摘要】 博斯腾流域是新疆最大的湖泊湿地分布区。湿地作为干旱区的一种特殊景观类型,在流域生态环境和水循环中发挥了重要的作用,其产生和消失、扩大和萎缩对区域生态环境将产生重要的影响。以Landsat系列数据为主要数据源,完成了博斯腾流域的3期遥感制图(1990、2000、2010年),分析了博斯腾流域湿地分布现状,探讨了区域湿地的时空变化过程和动态变化特征。结果表明:新疆博斯腾流域的湿地面积总体上一直在萎缩,1990-2010年总面积减少了16.24%;但是减少趋势相对变缓,且不同类型的湿地变化过程有所不同。其中:1990-2000年河流湿地和湖泊湿地表现为增加趋势,芦苇沼泽湿地表现为减少趋势;2000-2010年河流湿地、芦苇沼泽和湖泊湿地面积都表现为萎缩。在变化动态特征上,流域河流、湖泊湿地最近20a呈现倒"V"型波动,而芦苇沼泽湿地则持续下降。通过湿地变化与区域生态环境因子耦合分析表明,在近期内人类活动是造成区域湿地萎缩的主要因素。更多还原

【Abstract】 Arid area of wetlands as a special landscape type in the arid zone,it is one of the most productive ecosystems and plays an important role in region eco-environment conversation and local water cycles.So,its expansion or deduction is bound to impact the regional ecological environment.Bosten basin is one of the largest lake wetland distribution areas in Xinjiang arid area.We used Landsat series data as the main data source,achieved 3 times remote sensing wetlands mapping(1990,2000,2010).And then,we analyzed Bosten basin wetlands distribution status,explored spatial and temporal changes process of regional wetlands and dynamic characteristics.The results showed that,the area of wetlands in Bosten basin has been decreasied in recent decades.The total area of wetland has reduced 16.24% in past 20 years.But,the rate of deduction is slowing down and the different type of wetlands changes process is different.The details are as follows.In 1990-2000,river wetlands and lake wetland performance increasing trend,and reed wetland was decreasing.In 2000-2010,river wetland,reed wetland and lake wetland area were all in shrinking.Through the coupled relationship analysis between the wetland change and the factor of the regional ecological environment showed that: wetlands changes in the Bosten lake region are mainly impact by human activities in short-term.更多还原