【摘要】 对中耕、深耕、免耕和种植三叶草等4种土壤管理方式下的苹果园土壤有机质含量、酶活性和微生物数量进行测定分析,以期明确不同土壤管理方式对苹果园土壤环境的影响。结果表明:中耕和深耕管理的土壤有机质含量均高于免耕;果园种植三叶草能显著提高土壤有机质含量,比免耕的土壤有机质含量高12.14%。土壤脲酶、碱性磷酸酶及过氧化氢酶活性和有机质含量由高到低依次为中耕园>三叶草园>深耕园>免耕园,蔗糖酶活性的表现则与之相反,由高到低依次为免耕园>深耕园>三叶草园>中耕园;土壤管理方式对细菌、真菌和放线菌数量的影响规律一致,数量由多到少依次为三叶草园>免耕园>中耕园>深耕园;土壤酶活性和有机质含量密切相关,土壤中的微生物数量和植被种类密切相关;在果园中种植三叶草能提高土壤有机质含量、酶活性、微生物数量,可为苹果树生长发育创造良好的土壤生态环境。更多还原

【Abstract】 In order to clarify the effects of different soil management ways on soil ecosystem environment of apple orchard, the soil organic matters,enzyme activities and microbes number under four kinds of soil management ways(inter-tillage, deep-tillage,no-tillage and shamrock-plant)were measured and analyzed.The results indicated that the organic matter content in the inter-tillage treatment and in the deep-tillage treatment were higher than in the no-tillage treatment.The soil organic matter content in the shamrock-plant treatment was 12.14%higher than in the no-tillage treatment.The soil urease,phosphatase and hydrogen peroxidase activities decreased from inter-tillage to shamrock-plant,deep-tillage,and no-tillage.The sucrase activity decreased from no-tillage to deep-tillage,shamrock-plant,and inter-tillage.The amounts of the bacteria,fungi and actinomycetes decreased from shamrock-plant to no-tillage,inter-tillage,and deep-tillage.The soil enzyme activity was closely interrelated to the soil organic matter content,whereas the soil microbe was closely interrelated to the vegetation.Planting shamrock increased the soil organic matter content,enzyme activity and microbe number of apple orchard,and create proper soil ecosystem environment for apple trees growth.更多还原