【摘要】 针对山东南四湖稻区氮肥施用量过大,导致生产成本增加、农田氮素失衡、氮素流失严重的现象,研究了不同施氮量对氮素积累与转移、稻谷产量及其构成、氮素利用率等的影响。结果表明,不施氮肥处理,抑制了水稻营养生长,显著降低了水稻分蘖和成熟期有效穗、干物质积累量、植株氮吸收量及稻谷产量;氮肥施用量过大,造成营养生长过旺,形成大量无效分蘖,降低了氮肥利用率,对提高水稻产量无显著效果。在当前氮肥施用水平上减施30%,可有效抑制无效分蘖,使营养生长和生殖生长更加协调,提高氮肥利用率,且对水稻产量无不利影响。更多还原

【Abstract】 The application amount of nitrogen fertilizer in Nansi Lake area of Shandong Province was so large that the production cost increased,the farmland nitrogen was imbalanced and ran off seriously.For this reason,the influences of different nitrogen application amounts on nitrogen accumulation and transfer,rice yield and its components and nitrogen use efficiency were studied in this paper.The results indicated that the treatment without nitrogen application restrained the vegetative growth and reduced tillers,effective ears in mature period,dry matter accumulation and nitrogen absorption amount of plant and rice yield significantly.Excessive application of nitrogen fertilizer led to rice vegetative overgrowth,formed a large number of invalid tillers,and reduced nitrogen use efficiency,so it had no significant effect on rice yield.The treatment with reducing nitrogen fertilizer application by 30% could restrain the rice invalid tillers effectively,make the vegetative and reproductive growth more harmonious,increase nitrogen use efficiency and had no adverse effect on rice yield.更多还原