【摘要】 太平天国战争后,一批为官一方的常州绅士先后复员回乡。面对人民流亡,农田荒芜,百废待兴的残破局面,虽然当政者一再强调选任得力官员担当复兴重任,但是复员绅士的政治资历与地缘优势,成为各级政府不得不倚重的地方势力。常州的复员绅士不仅纷纷致力于战后善后,在稍事休养生息后,进而全面主持或参与武进阳湖农田水利工程建设与文教设施重建;他们还新建了保婴保节局和长年医局,前者以城统乡,借助基层行政系统,实现其慈善事业对武进阳湖所有乡区的覆盖;后者精心设计管理制度,延请名医、定期施诊给药,对于扶助当地弱势群体,维系地域社会的和谐稳定,发挥了积极作用。这些机构的设置与制度安排,显示出常州复员绅士对于家乡慈善事业的一腔热忱与深谋远虑。复员绅士在太平天国后常州重建中的突出作为与建树,深刻地展示了传统社会运行的内在逻辑与活力。更多还原

【Abstract】 During the period of Taipingtianguo War,Changzhou had suffered heavy hit,the situation was the worst ruined,so that all the destroyed things were expected to revive.Depending on prior politic experience and native advantage,the retired gentries became the very important regional power for Changzhou’s reconstruction,which the government had to rely on.In the very beginning the retired gentries was engaged in the series complicated affairs after the war such as relieving refugees,recounting the number of the farmland and so on.After short recuperating and multiplying,they further held or took part in the construction of farmland irrigation and water conservancy works and the reconstructions of the installations concerning the culture and education system.They also founded the new charity organization:Baby-Widow Relief Bureau and Perennial Medicine Bureau,which had especially positive effect on relieving the social vulnerable groups and maintaining the social stability.The retired gentry’s outstanding contribution to the reconstruction of Changzhou reveals profoundly the inner logic and vitality of traditional Chinese society.更多还原