【摘要】 目的:吞咽障碍是卒中后常见的并发症,严重影响预后,本文主要通过文献复习了解目前诊断、评估、治疗的方法,指导临床工作。方法:检索吞咽障碍的诊断,治疗等文献并进行分析。结果:卒中后吞咽障碍的发病率与病变部位,病变大小,检查时机,检查的方法等相关,诊断手段有饮水试验、进食试验和X线吞钡检查、血氧饱和度测定等,X线吞钡检查仍是金标准。治疗主要有吞咽康复、低中频电疗法、肌电图生物反馈疗法、针灸等治疗。由于评价标准不一,疗效较难有可比性。预后取决于病变的部位,真性球麻痹预后差。结论:吞咽障碍的诊断、评估标准化,才能很好的评估治疗效果,进一步确定有效的治疗措施。更多还原

【Abstract】 Objective: Dysphagia is a common complication after stroke,and seriously affects the prognosis.In this paper,literature review was used to understand the diagnosis,evaluation,treatment modalities,to guide clinical work.Methods: the diagnosis and treatment literature of dysphagia were retrieved and analyzed.Results: The incidence of dysphagia after stroke was related to lesion,lesion size,check timing and check methods.Drinking water test,the test of consumption and X-ray barium meal examination,oximetry was the diagnostic tools,X-ray barium meal examination was still the gold standard.Conclusions: diagnosis,standardized assessment of dysphagia,could be a good assessment,and further to determine effective treatment measures.更多还原