【摘要】 目的了解上海市宝山区焊接作业场所中电焊烟尘、锰及其无机化合物浓度情况。方法以个体采样方法采集电焊烟尘和锰及其无机化合物,分别采用滤膜称重法和火焰原子吸收光谱法分别进行检测。结果分别对91名焊工和47名焊工进行电焊烟尘和锰及其无机化合物个体采样,结果 28人(30.8%)电焊烟尘时间加权平均(TWA)浓度超过国家职业接触限值,14人(29.8%)锰及其化合物浓度超过国家职业接触限值。CO2气保焊组电焊烟尘TWA均值为5.22 mg/m3,是其他焊接组TWA均值的2.8倍,锰及其无机化合物TWA均值为0.221 mg/m3,是其他焊接组TWA均值的2.7倍。结论 CO2气保焊岗位电焊烟尘、锰及其无机化合物职业危害都较严重。工厂企业应加强职业卫生管理,改善工作环境,为焊工配备有效的个人防护用品,以保障工人身体健康。更多还原

【Abstract】 [Objective]To understand the concentrations of welding fume,manganese and its inorganic compounds in welding workplace in Baoshan district of Shanghai.[Methods]The samples of welding fume,manganese and its inorganic compounds were collected by personal sampling method,and the concentration of the two occupational hazards was determined by weight method and flame atomic absorption spectrometry method respectively.[Results]91 welders were selected for welding fume monitoring,and 47 welders were selected for manganese and its inorganic compounds monitoring.The time weighted average(TWA) for welding fume of 28 welders exceeded the national occupational exposure limit,which accounted for 30.8% of 91 welders.TWA for manganese and its inorganic compounds of 14 welders exceeded the national occupational exposure limit,which accounted for 29.8% of 47 welders.The average TWA of welding fume,manganese and its inorganic compounds of carbon-dioxide arc welding group was 5.22 mg/m3 and 0.221 mg/m3 respectively,which was 2.8 times and 2.7 times higher than that of other welding groups.[Conclusion]The hazards of welding fume,manganese and its inorganic compounds in workplaces of carbon-dioxide arc welding are serious.In order to protect the health of welders,the enterprises should strengthen occupational health management,improve the environment of workplaces,and provide effective personal protective equipments for workers.更多还原