【摘要】 目的:了解中国精神卫生机构和床位资源分布情况,为制定全国性精神卫生服务资源配置规划提供参考。方法:数据来源于卫生部"2010年全国卫生资源与医疗服务调查"和国家精神卫生项目办公室"2010年精神卫生专业机构调查",对其中的精神卫生机构主办单位、管理归属、床位资源等相关数据进行描述性分析。结果:2010年全国共有1650家精神卫生机构,精神科开放床位数228100张。精神科床位主要分布在精神病专科医院中,占总床位数的86.4%;主办单位包括政府部门、企业、个人、事业单位、社会团体等,以政府部门主办为主,占总床位数的88.4%。精神科床位密度全国平均为1.71张/万人,上海和北京最高,西藏自治区精神科床位数为0。全国精神病专科医院床位使用率为92.4%,平均住院日中位数为45 d。结论:全国精神卫生机构主办部门众多,精神卫生床位资源数量不足,地域分布不合理。更多还原

【Abstract】 Objective:To analyze the allocation of mental health facilities and psychiatric beds in China,in order to provide a reference for developing the national plan for resource allocation for mental health services.Methods:Data were collected from two surveys.In 2010-2011,one,funded by the Ministry of Health,surveyed national health resources and medical services.The other,conducted by the National Mental Health Program Office,surveyed mental health facilities.Descriptive methods were used.Results:At the end of 2010,there were 1650 facilities which provided mental health services in China,comprising 874 psychiatric hospitals,604 psychiatric or psychological departments in general hospitals,95 psychiatric or psychological clinics,and 77 rehabilitation facilities.Mental health facilities were funded by government departments,enterprises,private individuals,institutions and social organizations;most(69.5%) of the mental health facilities were funded by government departments.At the end of 2010,there were 228,100 psychiatric beds,mainly(86.4%) located in psychiatric hospitals.Most(88.4%) of the psychiatric beds were funded by government departments.The national mean number of psychiatric beds per 10,000 population was 1.71,with Shanghai and Beijing having the highest numbers,i.e.,5.55 and 4.88 beds per 10,000 population respectively.There were no psychiatric beds in Tibet,and Qinghai was the province with lowest number of psychiatric beds per 10,000 population(0.28).The median bed utilization ratio was 92.4% and the median length of stay in psychiatric hospitals was 45 days.Conclusion:The number of psychiatric beds per 10,000 population in China is well below the mean for countries of a similar economic level,and the beds allocation is very unequal.Funding for mental health facilities and psychiatric beds nationwide comes from many different sources,which may promote inefficiency and poor coordination of mental health resources.更多还原