【摘要】 目的了解医学院新生乙型肝炎(乙肝)疫苗接种、乙肝病毒(HBV)流行情况及其对乙肝的认知程度,为在该人群中有效地开展乙肝疫苗免疫策略提供依据。方法以广西某医学院2009年入学的2 147名新生为研究对象,进行乙肝疫苗接种情况和乙肝认知度的问卷调查,并采集其中1 944名学生的血清样本,用Abbott Architect i2000分析仪检测乙肝表面抗原(HBsAg)、表面抗体(抗-HBs)及核心抗体(抗-HBc)。应用SPSS 17.0软件对调查结果进行统计分析。结果本调查共发放问卷2 147份,实际收回有效问卷2 066份,占96.23%。其中59.83%(1 236/2 066)有乙肝疫苗接种史,但只有20.76%(429/2 066)完成3针或3针以上接种。在1 944份血清样本中,HBsAg、抗-HBs、抗-HBc的阳性率分别为13.73%(267/1 944)、24.33%(473/1 944)和32.87%(639/1 944),有疫苗接种史人群的HBsAg阳性率显著低于无接种史人群(10.56%vs 22.10%,P<0.001),且前者抗-HBs阳性率显著高于后者(30.83%vs 11.24%,P<0.001)。接种3针或以上人群的抗-HBs阳性率显著高于未全程接种人群(48.80%vs 21.10%,P<0.001)。该医学院新生对乙肝认知程度较低,仅42.09%的学生知道HBV可经性接触传播;66.90%认为HBV可经日常生活接触传播;认为HBV可经空气和皮肤接触传播者分别占9.39%和3.11%。结论该医学院新生乙肝疫苗接种率较低,HBsAg阳性率高,对乙肝认知度较低,建议在该人群中开展乙肝疫苗免疫和关于乙肝的健康教育。更多还原

【Abstract】 Objective To investigate the hepatitis B(HB) vaccination history,sero-epidemiologic status and awareness of HB transmission among college freshmen in a medical school of Guangxi province of China,and to provide strategic basis for effective HB immunization in this population.Methods An uniform questionnaire survey on HB vaccination status and awareness of this disease was conducted among 2 147 college freshmen of grade 2009 in a medical school of Guangxi,China.Serum samples from 1 944 students were collected to detect the HBsAg,anti-HBs and anti-HBc using Abbott Architect i2000 analyzer;the results were analyzed using SPSS17.0 software. ResultsA total of 2 066(96.23%) effective questionnaire forms were collected and among which 1 236(59.83%) had previous HB vaccination history but only 429(20.76%) completed 3 or more doses at the 0-1-6-month regimen.The positive rates of HBsAg,anti-HBs and anti-HBc among 1 944 students were 13.73%(267/1 944),24.33%(473/1 944) and 32.87%(639/1 944),respectively.The prevalence of HBsAg in previously-vaccinated students was significantly lower than that in non-vaccinated ones(10.56% vs 22.10%,P<0.001).Moreover,the positive rate of anti-HBs in vaccinated students was significantly higher than that in the non-vaccinated group(30.83% vs 11.24%,P<0.001).Students enrolled in this study showed low awareness of hepatitis B:42.09% of them understood that HBV could spread through sexual contact,66.90% regarded common contact as a transmission route,9.39% and 3.11% of the students mistakenly believe that HBV could be transmitted via air-borne and skin contact,respectively.ConclusionsThe HB vaccination rate in the college freshmen population in this medical college of Guangxi is low;the prevalence of HBsAg was high;the knowledge of college freshmen about HB transmission was poor.HBV vaccination and health education of HB transmission and prevention should be conducted in this population.更多还原