【摘要】 膜下滴灌是一种既能高效节水,又能适时调控土壤水盐运移的灌水方式。但膜下滴灌技术长期在干旱区应用有可能造成盐分不断在土壤中累积而危害作物生长。为此,针对不同发展年限的膜下滴灌棉花田进行土壤含盐量的监测,经初步分析可得:在棉花生育期内土壤含盐量为灌水前>灌水后>灌水期间;在不同发展年限中,土壤含盐量随发展年限的增加而升高,钠离子和氯离子的含量随发展年限的增加而升高,主要是灌溉水质中含量大量的钠盐;钙离子含量略有增加;土壤中钠吸附比随发展年限的增加而升高,随土层深度的增加其含量逐渐降低。长期使用膜下滴灌技术将会带来土壤的次生盐渍化发生的危险,应适时监测土壤盐分的累积变化趋势,累积一定程度后,进行倒茬种植或大水压盐一次,以实现土地资源的可持续发展。更多还原

【Abstract】 Drip irrigation under mulch is an irrigation method which can not only save water at high efficiency but also regulate soil water and salt movement.However,long-term application of this technique in arid areas may result in salt accumulation in soil and consequently threaten crops.Therefore,this paper measures soil salt content in cotton fields of drip irrigation under mulch with different development period,the results of preliminary analysis show that soil salt content of different growth periods presented as before irrigation > after irrigation > irrigation period;soil salt content increases with the increase in development period,as well as the content of sodium ion and chloride ion,because irrigation water contain amount of sodium salt;calcium ion content increases slightly;sodium adsorption ratio increases with the increase in development period but decreases with the increase in soil depth.Long-term use of drip irrigation under mulch will bring secondary salinization to soil,and salt accumulation trend should be measured on time,measurements such as reverse cropping and repel salt by watering should be taken after the soil accumulated to a certain degree in order to realize the sustainable development of land resources.更多还原