【摘要】 半导体制冷主要是帕尔帖效应在制冷方面的应用,半导体制冷的主要优点是:制冷迅速,操作简单,可靠性强,容易实现高精度的温度控制,无污染等。尤其适用于制冷量不大,又要求装置小型化的场合。目前,广泛应用于国防、科研、工农业、气象、医疗卫生等领域,实现对仪器仪表、电子元件、药品、疫苗等的冷却、加热和恒温。本文通过半导体制冷与机械制冷比较说明半导体制冷的优点和特点。针对半导体制冷的特点和应用现状,通过研究国内外的相关文献,从影响半导体制冷效率的主要方面:理论、材料、结构方式、传热方式四个方面进行综述,从中总结了半导体制冷研究的热点和成就,归纳出当前半导体制冷研究存在的问题,提出影响半导体制冷的主要因素即:高优值系数材料,复杂的多参数工况以及冷热端散热方式与设计。为今后进行深入研究半导体制冷提供了可供借鉴的研究方向和方法。更多还原

【Abstract】 Semiconductor refrigeration is mainly Peltier effect in the application of the refrigeration,The main advantages of semiconductor refrigeration:refrigeration fast,simple operation,high reliability,easy to implement high-precision temperature control,no pollution.especially in the refrigeration quantity of small,and the miniaturization of the device of the occasion.At present,widely used in national defense,scientific research,industry and agriculture,meteorological,medical and health fields.mainly for instrumentation,electronic components,drugs,vaccines and other cooling,heating and constant temperature,its scope of application seeped to each industry.In this paper,semiconductor refrigeration and mechanical refrigeration comparison illustrates the advantages and characteristics of semiconductor refrigeration.For the characteristic and application of semiconductor refrigeration,through the study of literature at home and abroad,from the impact of the efficiency of semiconductor refrigeration major aspects:theory,material,structure,mode of heat transfer are reviewed in four areas,From which summarizes the thermoelectric research focus and achievements,summarize the current problems existing in the research of semiconductor refrigeration,Put forward the main factors affecting the semiconductor refrigeration,namely:high merit factor of materials,complex multi-parameter conditions and hot and cold side heat dissipation and design.for future in-depth study of semiconductor refrigeration provided for reference the research direction and method.更多还原