【摘要】 目的:了解自伤和自杀行为在我国中学生中的发生情况及特征。方法:采用多中心整群抽样法,对全国8个城市14所中学的8820名中学生进行自陈式问卷调查。结果:①在8820名中学生中,有割伤烫伤、咬伤抓伤和自伤就诊的人数分别为:1886(21.4%)、2067(23.4%)和293(2.7%);有自杀意念、自杀计划和自杀行为的人数分别为:1976(22.4%)、1080(12.2%)和523(5.9%)。②在割伤烫伤、咬伤抓伤的发生率上,女生均显著高于男生;而在自伤就诊的发生率上,男生显著高于女生。割伤烫伤、咬伤抓伤的发生率在不同年级间具有统计学差异。③在自杀意念、自杀计划和自杀行为的发生率上,女生均显著高于男生,且在不同年级间也存在显著差异。结论:中学生自伤自杀行为的发生率在2.7%～23.4%之间,自伤自杀行为的发生率存在性别和年级差异。更多还原

【Abstract】 Objective: To investigate the present situation of self-harm and suicide behaviors in middle school students.Methods: By using multi-center cluster sampling,8820 middle school students from eight cities-fourteen middle schools were investigated by self-report questionnaire of self-harm and suicide behaviors.Results: ①The incidence of self-harm behaviors was: cutting/burning 21.4%,biting/scratching 23.4%,and visiting a doctor due to self-harm 2.7%;the incidence of suicide behaviors was: suicide ideation 22.4%,suicide plan 12.2%,and incomplete suicide 5.9%.②Girls were significantly higher than boys in the incidence of cutting/burning and biting/scratching,but significantly lower than boys in visiting a doctor due to self-harm;the incidence of cutting/burning and biting/scratching behaviors had differences in grades.③In the incidence of suicide ideation,suicide plan and incomplete suicide,girls were significantly higher than boys,and grade differences also existed.Conclusion: The incidence of self-harm and suicide behaviors in middle school students ranges from 2.7% to 23.4%,and has gender and grade differences.更多还原