【摘要】 目的探讨2型糖尿病(T2DM)的危险因素,为确定高危人群及制定防治措施提供依据。方法采用病例对照研究方法,选取北京市海淀区两所综合医院T2DM患者233例和健康对照243例,对研究因素进行糖尿病关联分析。计量资料的差异比较应用t检验,定性资料的差异比较应用χ2检验,各因素与T2DM的关联分析采用logistic回归,P<0.05为差异有统计学意义。结果 T2DM发病的危险因素有:家族史(P=0.001,OR=4.452);嗜甜食(P=0.001,OR=3.146);嗜腌制食物(P=0.002,OR=2.872);高血压病史(P=0.001,OR=2.671);吸烟(P=0.003,OR=2.520)。保护因素有:体育活动(P=0.001,OR=0.406);喜食蔬菜(P=0.001,OR=0.320);牛奶(P=0.001,OR=0.210);酸味食物(P=0.001,OR=0.372);母乳喂养(P=0.004,OR=0.446);正常水平的甘油三酯(P=0.042,OR=0.571)和总胆固醇(P=0.041,OR=0.463)。结论在人群中避免吸烟、嗜甜食及腌制食品等不良生活习惯,加强体育锻炼及合理的饮食习惯,控制血压、血脂,对婴幼儿应提倡母乳喂养。更多还原

【Abstract】 Objective To study on risk factors of type 2 diabetes(T2DM)with the purpose to determine T2DM high-risk population and provide scientific basis for prevention.Methods A case-control study was carried out for the association between study factors and T2DM,including 233 T2DM cases and 243 controls from two general hospitals in Beijing Haidian Disrict.t test was used to compare differences for measurement data;t test was used to compare differences for qualitative data;the associations between study factors and T2DM were analyzed using logistic regression.Results The risk factors of T2DM were family history of diabetes(P=0.000,OR=4.452);preference for sweet(P=0.000,OR=3.146);preserved food(P=0.002,OR=2.872);hypertension history(P=0.000,OR=2.671) and smoking(P=0.003,OR=2.520).Protective factors of T2DM were physical exercise(P=0.001,OR=0.406);preference for vegetables(P=0.000,OR=0.320);milk(P=0.000,OR=0.210);sour food(P=0.001,OR=0.372);breast-feeding(P=0.004,OR=0.446);normal level of triglyceride(P=0.042,OR=0.571)and total cholesterol(P=0.041,OR=0.463).Conclusions Improper lifestyle such as smoking,preference for sweet and preserved food should be avoided.Good lifestyles,such as more physical exercise,proper dietary habit,control of blood pressure and blood lipid,and breast-feeding for babies,benefit to prevent development of T2DM.更多还原