【摘要】 目的:探讨抗菌药物应用与细菌耐药的相关性,为进一步降低临床细菌耐药性和院内感染发生率提供理论依据。方法:提取我院医院信息系统中2006-2010年住院患者应用抗菌药物的品种、销售金额,并从检验科获取患者的病原菌感染情况,分析全院同期细菌学检查和耐药资料,选取临床常见病原菌的分离株和耐药资料,应用细菌耐药监测软件统计处理数据。结果:5年中,抗菌药物总用药频度(DDDs)与大肠埃希菌产超广谱β-内酰胺酶(ESBLs)率间显著相关(r=0.9002,P<0.05);头孢菌素类药的DDDs与革兰阴性(G-)菌平均耐药率间存在相关性(r=0.9004,P<0.05);喹诺酮类药的DDDs与G-菌平均耐药率间具有相关性(r=0.9654,P<0.05),尤其是大肠埃希菌耐药率呈逐年下降趋势,二者间具有显著相关性(r=0.9135,P<0.05)。结论:临床抗菌药物的DDDs与细菌耐药率间存在一定的相关性。合理应用抗菌药物可减少或防止细菌产生耐药性,降低院内感染率。更多还原

【Abstract】 OBJECTIVE:To investigate the correlation between the antibiotic use and drug resistance,and to provide theoretic basis for reducing drug resistance and the incidence of nosocomial infection.METHODS:The category and consumption sum of antibiotics in the inpatients from 2006 to 2010 were collected from HIS,and the information of pathogen infection was collected from the laboratory department.Bacteriological examination and drug resistance of the corresponding period were analyzed,and the clinical isolates of common pathogens and drug resistance data were selected.WHONET 5.6 software was used for data statistics and processing.RESULTS:During 5 years,the DDDs of antibiotic had correlation with Escherichia coli producing ESBLs(r=0.900 2,P<0.05);the DDDs of cephalosporins and drug resistance of Gram-negative bacteria had significant correlation(r=0.900 4,P<0.05);the DDDs of quinolones also had correlation with drug resistance of Gram-negative bacteria(r=0.965 4,P<0.05),especially with the drug resistance of Escherichia coli in decreasing tendency yearly,it was significantly correlated with the DDDs of quinolones(r=0.913 5,P<0.05).CONCLUSIONS:The DDDs of antibiotic has correlation with bacterial resistance.So rational use of antibiotic can reduce or prevent drug resistance and reduce nosocomial infection.更多还原