【摘要】 我们在西藏自治区日喀则地区越冬的黑颈鹤(Grus nigricollis)进行了三个冬季的数量调查,结果确认日喀则地区是黑颈鹤最为重要的越冬地。在一些年份,这里越冬的黑颈鹤可占其世界种群的39%。计数的最高数量为2007年1月份的4240只,最低为2009年2月的2636只。幼鹤新增率(100只鹤类中幼鹤的数量)最低为2010年1月的8.2,最高为2007年1月份的11.3。在3个冬季,黑颈鹤分布最为集中的是拉孜至彭措林之间60km长的雅鲁藏布江河谷地带。为了评估距日喀则市西约50km的谢通门铜矿对黑颈鹤带来的潜在影响,我们在铜矿投产前对日喀则市和下布曲河谷之间的研究区重点进行了监测,在这个研究区记录到820±83只鹤(SE;n=8)。随着谢通门铜矿渐趋开工,雅鲁藏布江北岸的交通和和经济将会快速发展,由此极有可能导致北岸黑颈鹤分布区的移位,使得黑颈鹤离开北岸到附近其它适宜栖息的地方。基于我们调查的结果,建议把矿区附近的黑颈鹤数量集中的3个地区(包括聂日雄乡的聂日雄和甲庆则村以及下布曲河谷)纳入到雅鲁藏布江中游河谷黑颈鹤国家级保护区范围内。更多还原

【Abstract】 We surveyed all known wintering areas of the Black-necked Crane (Grus nigricollis) in Zhigatse Prefecture of the Tibet Autonomous Region during three winters. Our surveys confirm that Zhigatse Prefecture is the most important wintering area for the species, accounting in some years for as much as 39% of the estimated world population. Counts ranged from a high of 4240 cranes in Jan- uary 2007 to a low of 2636 in February 2009. Chick recruitment (chicks/100 cranes) ranged from 8.2 (January 2010) to 11.3 (January 2007). The highest concentration of cranes during all three surveys occurred on the 60 km stretch of the Yarlung Tsangpo (River) between Lhaze and Phuntsoling. To evaluate potential impacts of the Xietongmen Copper Mine, we monitored wintering crane numbers prior to mine installation in an intensive study area located between the Shab Chu Valley and the city of Zhigatse. Our surveys recorded on average 820 ± 83 cranes (SE; n = 8) in this area. With the instal- lation of the mine at a location ～50 km west of Zhigatse, increased traffic and development on the north side of the Yarlung River will likely result in a shift in crane distribution away from the north side, to nearby suitable habitats. Based on our survey results, we recommend three areas hosting high numbers of cranes in the vicinity of the mine be added to the Yarlung Tsangpo Middle Reaches Black- necked Crane Nature Reserve. These areas are Nierixiong and Jiaqingze Villages in Nierixiong Xiang and the Shab Chu Valley.更多还原