【摘要】 目的:通过对围产儿出生缺陷相关因素的分析,寻找可能影响出生缺陷的相关因素。方法:以河南省部分地区的出生缺陷儿为病例组,以正常新生儿为对照组,采用病例-对照研究,按1∶3比例匹配对照组。设计统一的表格由各监测医院经过培训的专业人员填写,采用Logistic分析进行出生缺陷相关因素的单因素和多因素分析。结果:单因素分析显示,婚检、孕前检查、服用叶酸、孕检为出生缺陷的保护因素;早孕期感冒、不良孕产史、围孕期接触有害物质、孕期合并症及并发症、多胎为出生缺陷的危险因素。多因素分析显示,婚检及孕检是出生缺陷的保护因素;不良孕产史、围孕期接触有害物质、孕期合并症及并发症为出生缺陷的危险因素。结论:提倡婚检、孕检及服用叶酸,围孕期减少有害物质接触,减少孕期合并症及并发症的发生是降低出生缺陷发生率,提高出生人口素质的有效措施。更多还原

【Abstract】 Objective:To find out the related factors which may affect birth defects by analyzing the related factors of perinatal birth defects.Methods:The infants with birth defects from partial areas of He’nan province were selected as case group,and normal neonates were selected as control group,a case-control study was conducted,the infants in case group matched to the infants in group according the ratio of 1∶ 3.A uniform form was filled by specialized persons after training,logistic analysis was used to conduct univariate regression analysis and multivariate regression analysis.Results:Univariate regression analysis showed that premarital check-up,pregestational examination,oral administration of folic acid,and prenatal examination were the protective factors of birth defects;influenza during the first trimester of pregnancy,history of adverse pregnancy,exposure to harmful substances during pregnancy,pregnant complications,and multiple pregnancy were the risk factors of birth defects.Multivariate regression analysis showed that premarital check-up and pregestational examination were the protective factors of birth defects;history of adverse pregnancy,exposure to harmful substances during pregnancy,and pregnant complications were the risk factors of birth defects.Conclusion:The effective measures to reduce the incidence of birth defects and improve quality of birth population include advocating premarital check-up,pregestational examination,oral administration of folic acid,reducing exposure to harmful substances during pregnancy,decreasing pregnancy complications.更多还原