【摘要】 以安徽、江西、湖南、湖北、四川、重庆、广西等省94个秸秆还田定位试验为基础,运用数值化理论综合评价我国南方地区秸秆还田的土壤肥力变化和培肥增产效应.结果表明:研究区土壤肥力综合指数(SFI)和作物产量具有明显的区域差异,但SFI整体以中等水平的三等地(该等级土地面积占研究区土地面积的69.1%)和较低水平的四等地(占21.3%)为主;秸秆还田后,SFI和产量较秸秆不还田平均提高了6.8%和4.4%;水稻产量与SFI之间呈极显著正相关.SFI可真实反映研究区土壤肥力综合水平.在当前农艺水平下,秸秆还田是有效提高我国南方地区土壤综合肥力的重要举措,应大面积推广秸秆还田腐熟.更多还原

【Abstract】 Based on the data from 94 experiments of straw returning in Anhui, Jiangxi, Hunan, Hubei, Guangxi, Sichuan, and Chongqing, and by using mathematic modeling approach, this paper evaluated the effects of straw returning on the soil fertility and crop yield in southern China. Obvious regional differences were observed in the soil fertility index (SFI) and crop yield response. In study area, the croplands with the SFI of Grade III and Grade IV were predominant, occupying 69.1% and 21.3% of the total, respectively. Averagely, straw returning increased the SFI and crop yield by 6.8% and 4.4%, respectively, as compared with the control (no straw returning). The SFI was significantly linearly correlated with rice yield, and could well reflect the integrated soil fertility in study area. At present, straw returning with decomposing agent added is one of the most important measures to improve the integrated soil fertility in southern China, which should be widely popularized.更多还原