【摘要】 选取刺激材料的3个水平(无意义图形、有意义图形—特征匹配、有意义图形—特征不匹配)作为组间因素,考察刺激的意义性对前注意阶段自上而下加工的作用,实验任务为额外特征独子搜索范式。实验一探讨了有意义匹配图形与无意义图形对前注意过程的影响,实验二探讨了有意义不匹配图形与无意义图形对前注意过程的影响。结果表明:图形是否有意义影响着前注意是否产生自上而下的过程,这种影响作用受到有意义图形中特征匹配性的影响。进一步说,当有意义图形特征间匹配时,图形的意义性不影响前注意阶段中自上而下的加工,当有意义图形特征间不匹配时,图形的意义性影响着前注意阶段中自上而下的加工,这一结果对计算机领域中有关注意的多个模型的改进提供了一定理论依据。更多还原

【Abstract】 The present study chose the additional singleton search task with the stimulus type(abstract configuration and meaningful-canonical color for Experiment 1;abstract configuration and meaningful-uncanonical color for Experiment 2) as between-subject factor,and condition type(with task-irrelevant singleton vs.without task-irrelevant singleton) as within-subject factor,to investigate the bottom-up and top-down control of feed-forward visual processing.Sixty students took part in our experiment.The results showed that when the stimuli were abstract configurations,the reaction times of the condition with irrelevant singleton were shorter than the condition without irrelevant singleton,which consisted with classic results;whilst when the stimuli were meaningful objects,there was no significant irrelevant singleton effect between two conditions.In summary,meaning of stimulus indeed could affect whether top-down controlled the feed-forward visual processing,but this effect would be reduced when the meaningful object properties were canonical.更多还原