【摘要】 目的:研究早产低出生体质量儿乳牙初萌时间,并追踪观察早产低出生体质量儿多个时间点乳牙萌出的数目,探索影响乳牙萌出的相关因素。方法:选择早产低出生体质量儿35例和足月出生婴儿71例为对象,定期进行口腔检查并记录牙齿初萌时间、萌出牙位、萌出数目,统计分析孕周、出生体质量、性别、分娩方式、胎数、喂养方式等因素对乳牙萌出有无影响。结果:①两组最早萌出的牙均为下颌乳前牙,足月儿乳牙初萌明显早于早产低出生体质量儿(P<0.05),其中早产低出生体质量儿乳牙初萌年龄平均为出生后8.9个月,足月儿为出生后7个月;②按照牙齿初萌的生理年龄计算,早产低出生体质量儿牙齿初萌为70.4周,而足月儿为67.3周,两组婴儿间无统计学差异(P>0.05);③早产低出生体质量儿在出生后9个月、12个月时牙齿萌出数目明显低于足月儿(P<0.05);④在影响牙齿萌出的相关因素中,孕周、出生体质量与牙齿初萌年龄呈明显负相关,与牙齿萌出数目明显正相关;而喂养方式、性别、分娩方式以及胎数对乳牙萌出时间没有影响。结论:早产低出生体质量儿乳牙初萌明显较足月儿推迟,但以生理年龄计算,两组婴儿牙齿初萌时间无统计学差异。出生体质量与孕周是影响牙齿初萌时间和牙齿萌出数目的相关因素。更多还原

【Abstract】 AIM: To compare the eruption time of first deciduous tooth in low birth-weight prematurely born children with normal birth weight full-term born children so as to find out whether the eruption of first deciduous tooth is affected by the birth status.METHODS: Thirty-five low birth weight prematurely born infants and 71 normal birth weight full-term born children were included in this study.Dental examination was performed at 6,9 and 12 months and all the eruption teeth were recorded.Birth status data was obtained from the medical history of hospital.RESULTS: The first erupted deciduous tooth in both groups was mandibular central incicor.Eruption was significantly delayed in low birth-weight prematurely born group(8.9 months post birth) than in normal birth weight full-term born group(7 month post birth)(P<0.05).When gestational age was also considered,no difference was found in deciduous tooth eruption time between the two groups(70.4 week in low birth-weight group,67.3 week in normal birth-weight group)(P=0.058).Nine and 12 months after birth,the number of erupted tooth was significantly smaller in low-birth weight group(P<0.05).Birth weight and gestational age were negatively related with tooth eruption time and positively related with the number of erupted tooth.CONCLUSION: Birth weight and gestational age are influencing factors of deciduous tooth eruption.更多还原