【摘要】 目的了解急性细菌性脑炎/脑膜脑炎的流行特征与病原谱,为全国范围内开展类似研究提供科学依据。方法对监测到的细菌性脑炎/脑膜炎开展个案调查并采集血清和或脑脊液标本,开展实验室检测工作。结果 2007-05/2010-12报告的出院诊断为细菌性脑炎/脑膜脑炎患者266例,男女性别比为1.56∶1,平均年龄8.7岁,73.7%的病例集中在10岁以下儿童,各月都有病例发生,无明显发病季节高峰。19.9%病例接种过乙脑、流脑、Hib疫苗中的一种或一种以上,92.4%的病例在标本采集前使用了抗生素。实验室确诊的细菌性脑炎/脑膜脑炎病例的主要病原为肺炎链球菌、脑膜炎奈瑟菌、新型隐球菌和b型流感嗜血杆菌。结论初步了解266例细菌性脑炎/脑膜脑炎的流行特征与病原谱,为进一步研究细菌性脑炎/脑膜脑炎及其他症候群的流行病学监测提供了重要依据。更多还原

【Abstract】 Objective To provide scientific evidence for the similar nationwide study by understanding the epidemic characteristics and pathogeny spectrum of bacterial meningitis and encephalitis.Methods Cases with bacterial meningitis and encephalitis were investigated,with the blood samples and/ or CSF samples from surveillance cases were collected for laboratory testing.Results From the May,2007 to December,2010,266 cases was reported and investigated.The male-to-female ratio was 1.56∶1,the average age of cases was 8.7 years old,and 73.7% of cases were children under 10 years old.Cases occurred all the year round,with no obvious seasonal peak.19.9% of cases had been vaccinated at least one of vaccines among encephalitis vaccine,meningococcal vaccine and Hib vaccine.92.4% of cases used the antibiotics before the collection of samples.The main bacterial pathogeny spectrum of laboratory-confirmed bacterial meningitis/encephalitis cases were Streptococcus pneumoniae,Cryptococcus neoformans,Neisseria catarrhalis and Hib.Conclusion The epidemic characteristics and pathogeny spectrum is preliminary understood.It may provide the experience for the national surveillance of bacterial meningitis or encephalitis and other syndrome.更多还原