【摘要】 采用计算机模拟的自我指导实验探究任务,以小学高年级和初中学生为被试,分析其探究中使用的实验设计策略和证据评价策略,并探讨中小学生科学探究策略的发展特点。研究发现:科学探究中学生所使用的实验设计策略按发展水平由高到低分别有完全设计策略、局部连锁策略、局部控制策略、分离变量水平策略和无策略五种;所使用的证据评价策略主要有:两两比较策略、共同发生策略、直觉评价策略和无策略四种。在简单的任务中被试虽然也使用了正确的策略,但这些策略的掌握往往是自发形成的,探索的方法和策略的掌握仍然需要有意识的培养。更多还原

【Abstract】 The study used the self-directed,computer simulated inquiry task(pendulum and string task) and investigated upper primary school students’ and middle school students’ experiment-design strategies and evidence-evaluation strategies.The characteristics of the development of their scientific inquiry strategies were also examined.The result show that five types of experiment-design strategies were used,from higher to lower level,including holistic design strategy,partial chain strategy,partially organized strategy,focusing on single variable level strategy,and no strategy;and four types of evidence-evaluation strategies were used,including multiple comparison strategy,covariation strategy,intuitive evaluation strategy,and no strategy.Although the subjects adopted proper strategies in the simple tasks,the grasp of these strategies were spontaneous.Students should be intentionally educated to grasp the inquiry methods and strategies更多还原