【摘要】 目的了解嘉定区中学生吸烟状况及其影响因素,以及吸烟知识知晓情况。方法采用整群抽样方法,抽取嘉定区初中、高中、职校各1所,对各校一年级学生进行不记名问卷调查。结果嘉定区学生吸烟率为11.8%,男生17.2%,女生5.3%,职校生吸烟率为18.3%,高中生为12.5%,初中生为4.8%,不同性别、学校间学生吸烟率差异均有统计学意义(P<0.01)。学生认为吸烟与被动吸烟有害的比例分别为99.4%、99.2%,知晓率较高。在对吸烟与疾病关系的认知方面,认为肺癌、慢性支气管炎、肺气肿与吸烟有关的知晓率较高,分别占95.4%、91.4%、86.2%,但认为膀胱癌、中风及高血压与吸烟有关知晓率较低,分别占35.6%、38.0%、50.0%。结论职校生和男生应作为控烟健康教育的重点人群,学校、家庭和社会应加强吸烟危害健康知识宣传。更多还原

【Abstract】 Objective To understand the status of cigarette smoking and its influencing factors among high school students in Jiading District,Shanghai.Methods A cluster sampling method was used to select 3 high schools.An anonymous questionnaire was performed among the students of Grade One.Results Totally 11.8%(male 17.2%,female 5.3%) of the surveyed students reported they had ever cigarette smoking.The smoking rates were 18.3%,12.5% and 4.8% in secondary vocational school,senior high school,and junior high school students respectively.There was a significant difference of smoking rates in different genders and schools.Totally 99.4% and 99.2% of the students thought that smoking and passive smoking were both harmful.The awareness rates of the students who thought that smoking would cause lung carcinoma,chronic bronchitis,pulmonary emphysema,bladder cancer,stroke and hypertension were 95.4%,91.4%,86.2%,35.6%,38.0% and 50.0% respectively. Conclusions Health education of smoking prevention and control should be emphasized in students,especially in secondary vocational school students and male students.更多还原