【摘要】 无居民海岛开发适宜程度取决于对其生态重要性与开发可行性的综合评价.本研究从表征生态重要性的物种、生境和自然历史文化遗迹,以及反映开发可行性的自然、资源和社会经济条件构建无居民海岛开发适宜性评价指标体系;采用专家咨询法和层次分析法确定指标权重,在评价指标量化与标准化处理的基础上,建立生态重要性-开发可行性互斥矩阵确定无居民海岛的开发适宜程度.对厦门海域的实际应用研究结果表明,其18个无居民海岛的开发适宜性总体偏低,中度适宜开发的海岛共有7个,低适宜开发的海岛有8个,不适宜开发的海岛有3个,评价结果与国家海洋局2011年发布的可供开发利用无居民海岛名录中厦门海域部分基本吻合.作者建议对厦门海域中度适宜开发的无居民海岛可据其资源特征进行适度开发;对低适宜开发的无居民海岛应优先保护海岛生态,维护海岛自然属性;对不适宜开发的无居民海岛应重点加强海岛生态保护,必要时进行生境的重建和修复.更多还原

【Abstract】 Exploitation suitability assessment is a basic work and precondition of reasonable development and utilization for uninhabited island.However,recent studies and practices of exploitation suitability assessment mostly focus on the land and coastal zone,and the comprehensive assessments of exploitation suitability based on the characteristic of uninhabited island are rarely reported.The exploitation suitability of uninhabited island depends on a comprehensive assessment of the importance of island ecosystem and exploitation feasibility.Therefore,an assessment index system of exploitation suitability for uninhabited island includes species,habitats and natural,history or cultural heritage in view of the ecosystem importance and environment,resources and socio-economic conditions,and the exploitation feasibility that established firstly in this paper.Then experts consultation method and analysis hierarchy process(AHP) method are used to analyze the index weight.After quantification and standardization the indices,mutually exclusive matrix for assessing the exploitation suitability is set up.Lastly,the index system and the methods are applied to 18 uninhabited islands in Xiamen sea area for exploitation suitability assessment.The results showed that,on the whole,the exploitation suitability of Xiamen’s uninhabited islands is low.There are no island classified as high exploitation suitability,and only 7 islands are at middle level,8 at low and the others as unsuitable for exploitation.The results are consistent with the development decisions of uninhabited islands made by State Oceanic Administration People’s Republic of China.Different development advices are given to islands with different exploitation suitability.For islands with middle exploitation suitability,the suggestion is moderate development based on its resources.For islands of low exploitation suitability,ecosystem protection and nature conservation of the island are the most important.For those unsuitable for exploitation,the key work must be reinforcing ecosystem protection,and reconstructing and repairing habitats when necessary.The results could be taken for decision-making on the exploitation and protection of uninhabited islands.更多还原