【摘要】 适应性评价是衡量植物迁地保育成功与否的关键。采用生长发育、抗逆性与繁殖能力指标,作者评价和研究了华西亚高山植物园位于四川都江堰海拔1,800m的龙池基地的中国产杜鹃属(Rhododendron)植物中5亚属7组33亚组172种(含17亚种或变种)的迁地保育适应性,计246种次,每种次5-20个个体。结果表明:(1)杜鹃属植物对于保育地的适应性与其区系地理的同质性、海拔的接近度、类群的进化程度和关键功能性状具有较为密切的联系;(2)中国-日本森林植物亚区分布的杜鹃属植物的适应性优于中国-喜马拉雅森林植物亚区;(3)与保育地海拔愈接近的类群及种类其适应性愈高,由较高海拔向较低海拔的引种适应性高于反向引种;(4)杜鹃属中的原始类群及以我国东部分布为主的中等进化程度类群的适应性明显高于进化类群,尤其高于向西分化的高山杜鹃类群;(5)具有叶片大型化、无毛或少毛、少鳞片等关键功能性状的杜鹃类群及其种类,更适宜阴湿与低辐射环境。结果表明,有关适应性理论能解释杜鹃属迁地保育适应性,但也有局限性。更多还原

【Abstract】 Assessments of adaptability are crucial for success in plant ex situ conservation.In this paper,we evaluated the adaptability of 172 Rhododendron species(including 17 subspecies or variations) by examining growth indices,tolerance to environmental stress and reproductive ability.These species,belonging to 33 subsections,7 sections,and 5 subgenera,were ex situ cultivated at Longchi Base(1,800 m elevation) in Dujiangyan of Sichuan Province.A total of 246 evaluations were assessed with 5-20 individuals for each evaluation.We found that the adaptability of Rhododendron plants under ex situ conservation was closely related to floristic elements,elevation similarity between ex situ sites and native habitats,evolutionary degree and key functional traits of Rhododendron.The adaptability of the Sino-Japanese floristic elements was higher than that of the Sino-Himalayan elements.The groups or species whose native habitats were similar to this region’s elevation more successfully adapted.Primitive groups or intermediate groups distributed in the east China adapted better than the advanced groups especially distributed in alpine zones of west China;Rhododendron groups or species with some key functional traits,such as big leaf,without hair or hair-less,scale-less,were more adaptable in moist and shady sites.Our results indicate that ex situ conservation for Rhododendron plants can be explained by theories of adaptation,but with limitations.更多还原