【摘要】 无居民海岛是国家海洋领土的重要组成,在海域资源环境利用、监管和国家权益维护上具有重要的地位与作用。本文梳理了浙江无居民海岛开发利用现状与问题、国家与浙江对无居民海岛管理政策演进趋势,综合两者并从浙江海洋经济发展示范区建设视角,提出浙江省无居民海岛开发保护体系:①科学立法完善海岛综合开发保护法理准则;②科学规划规范海岛综合开发保护行动指南;③宣传推广引导海岛综合开发保护实践操作,以促进浙江无居民海岛可持续发展。更多还原

【Abstract】 Non-inhabitant islands(NInIs) are extremely valuable natural resources and have special ecological value.They are important parts of a nation’s territory,significant for sea environment supervision and nation’s welfare.Exploitation suitability is a basic work and precondition of reasonable development and utilization for NInIs.After the promulgation and implementation of the "Island Protection Law",island protection will get more attention.This paper analyses the conservation status and the effects of various forms of protection for the NInIs in Zhejiang Province.It shows utilization for NInIs in Zhejiang remains at a fairly low level.(1) The level of exploitation for NInIs closer to the mainland or big islands,like Zhoushan Island,for example,is relatively higher than small and distant islands.Islands far away from the continent and larger islands are only used for building lighthouse beacon and lighthouse or other relatively simple utilization.Most distant islands still maintain their original status.According to the survey,300 NI-nIs are exploited at different levels in Zhoushan and Ningbo.It accounts for 11.37% of the total number(2639) of all NInIs.Currently,five marine protected areas have been established in Zhoushan and Ningbo;(2) NInIs may be used for bridges construction for land connecting,aquiculturing,sheltering from the wind,tourism,lighthouse or beacon,animal husbandry,forestry,and quarry mining;(3) Presently,the comprehensive exploitation and integrated protection(CEIP) of Zhejiang NInIs are facing higher risk than those of continental land.Governments,as the owner and manager of NInIs fail to pay enough attention to resources environment and nation’s marine rights and benefits concerning island development.Before their development,most NInIs do not get evaluation for affects on ecological and social environment,with insufficient scientific research and reasonable master plan for development and protection.The suggestions for NinIs’sustainable development in Zhejiang include improving legislation of islands’CEIP,regulating guidelines for islands’CEIP,and promoting islands’CEIP’s practice.更多还原