【摘要】 有效的簇首选择策略可提高无线传感器网络(WSN)的负载均衡和簇首均匀分布程度,延长网络生存时间.现有算法在选取簇首时未充分考虑节点剩余能量和能耗速率,导致负载不均衡,部分节点因耗能过度而提前消亡.为此,本文提出一种基于能量均衡的WSN路由算法,该算法使用节点剩余能量、能量消耗速度、与Sink节点的距离作为簇首选择参数,并通过回退机制实现节点回退等待时间的自适应调整,从而保证高能量节点有更高杌率成为簇首.实验表明,该算法可有效避免"热区"的出现,延长网络寿命.更多还原

【Abstract】 Effective clusterhead selection strategy can improve the wireless sensor network(WSN) in the following aspects:it can enhance the network load balance,ensure that the elected clusterheads are well scattered,and prolong the network survival time.Existing clustering algorithms do not fully consider the residual energy and energy consumption speed when electing the clusterhead,which results in early death of some nodes.This paper presents a routing algorithm based on energy-balance.The algorithm takes the residual energy of node,the rate of energy consumption,the distance between the node and the Sink node as the parameters.By adaptively adjusting the wakeup rate of the exponential distribution,a node with higher residual energy is more likely to be selected as a clusterhead.The simulation experiments illustrate that the proposed algorithm is able to avoid the "hotspots" issues and prolong the system life.更多还原