【摘要】 目的探讨广西地区群发性与散发性急性中毒的特点。方法选取2005—2009年广西11个市的36家市级医院、12家县级医院和15个乡镇卫生院收治的急性中毒患者6 010例为研究对象,其中群发组641例,散发组5 369例。由专家制定调查方案与表格,统计中毒地点(家里、学校、工作场地、餐馆、娱乐场所或其他)、中毒原因(意外性、职业性、误食性、医疗性、自杀性或其他)、毒物类别(化学类、农药类、医药类、植物类、动物类、感染类或其他)、中毒程度(轻、中、重度)、治疗效果(治愈、后遗症、死亡)。结果群发组与散发组中毒地点构成比较,差异有统计学意义(χ2=1 408.57,P=0.00);两组家里、学校、工作场地、餐馆和其他场地中毒率比较,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05)。群发组与散发组中毒原因构成比较,差异有统计学意义(χ2=527.46,P=0.00);两组意外性、误食性、医疗性、自杀性和其他原因中毒发生率比较,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05)。群发组与散发组毒物类别构成比较,差异有统计学意义(χ2=1 276.14,P=0.00);两组化学类、农药类、医药类、植物类、动物类、感染类和其他类毒物中毒发生率比较,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05)。群发组与散发组不同中毒程度比较,差异有统计学意义(u=-12.50,P=0.00)。群发组与散发组治疗效果比较,差异无统计学意义(u=-0.41,P=0.68)。结论群发性急性中毒的人群聚集性较强,对毒物的"未知性"较明显,致中毒毒物种类多,中毒程度较轻;而散发性急性中毒,中毒环境的人群聚集性较弱,中毒原因较多,对毒物多有所认识,致中毒的毒物种类较少,中毒程度较重。更多还原

【Abstract】 Objective To study the process characteristics of group-acute-poisoning and sporadic-acute-poisoning in Guangxi area. Methods 6 010 patients with acute poisoning admitted to 36 municipal hospitals,12 county hospitals and 15 rural hospitals from 11 cities in Guangxi province were divided into group-acute-poisoning group(641 cases) and sporadic-acute-poisoning group(5 369 cases).Investigating plan and table were formulated by experts to collect poisoning sites(home,school,working place,restaurants,entertainment places and others),poisoning reasons(accidental,occupational,false-feeding,medicine,suicide and others),poison category(chemical,pesticide,medical,plants,animal,infection and others),poisoning degree(mild,medium and severe) and efficacy(cure,sequel and death). Results The difference of poisoning sites between the two groups were statistically significant(χ2=1 408.57,P=0.00).The incidence of poisoning at home,school,working place,restaurants and other places between group-acute-poisoning group and sporadic-acute-poisoning group all showed statistically significant differences(P<0.05).The difference of poisoning reasons between the two groups were statistically significant(χ2=527.46,P=0.00).The incidence of poisoning for accidental,occupational,false-feeding,medical,suicidal and other reasons between the two groups also all showed statistically significant differences(P<0.05).The difference of poison categories between the two groups was significant different(χ2=1 276.14,P=0.00).The incidence of poisoning fell into chemical,pesticide,medical,plants,animal,infection and other categories between the two groups all showed statistically significant differences(P<0.05).The poisoning degrees between the two groups all showed statistically significant differences(u=-12.50,P=0.00).The treatment efficacy between the two groups showed no statistically significant difference(u=-0.41,P=0.68).Conclusion Patients of group-acute-poisoning characterize in its heavy accumulation,unknown poisoning reason and various kinds of poisonous substances with mild poisoning degree and satisfactory efficacy.While the sporadic-acute-poisoning characterize in its weak accumulation,various kinds of poisoning reasons,few poisonous substances with severe poisoning degree,unsatisfactory efficacy and high mortality.更多还原