【摘要】 具有可持续性是人类生存和社会发展的唯一选择,然而近100多年来,人类社会在人口增长、全球气候变化、淡水资源短缺、不可再生资源终将耗尽(能源、矿石)、农业生产、持久性有害物质在生态环境积累、大量物种加速灭绝等方面,呈现不可持续性特征,人类的宜居家园破坏殆尽。在此背景下,工业生态学、绿色化学理念应运而生,并表明改变使用资源的类型和方式势在必行。植物制造的生物量属可再生资源,可生物降解、参加生物圈循环,具有诸多资源和环境优势;然而光合作用的能量转化效率不到5%,生物量的大规模生产,还存在土地和淡水资源等障碍。因此,需要进行叶绿素工作机理仿生学研究,开发高效利用太阳能的生物催化剂;光分解水可以获得氢能源,因此,以大气层中的CO2及水为原料,光合成生物质能源、生物降解高分子材料、高纯度纸浆纤维素、棉纤维、碳纤维原料的高规整度纤维素等,获得人类必需的资源和能源(并可逆转气候变化),此举是可持续发展的最佳选择。更多还原

【Abstract】 Possessing sustainability is the only selection of human survival and social development.However,during the past more than a century,with respect to population growth,global climate change,freshwater deficiency,Earth’s finite resources depletion(energy,mineral),agricultural production,environmental accumulation of persistent toxic waste,and a large number species extinction,human society has been emerging characteristics of obvious unsutainability and human habitat has been damaging.Against this background,ideas of industrial ecology and green chemistry arise at the historic moment;they have clearly indicated that changing type and way must be enforced for the utilization of resources.Biomass of plant produced belong in renewable resource,biodegradability,enter into biosphere cycle,it is possess of a lot of superiorities as respect resource and environment;but,overall efficiency of photosynthesis is generally no greater than 5 per cent;large scale production of biomass exist barriers of difficuty to exceed in land and freshwater and so on yet.Therefore,conducting biomimetic research in catalytic mechanism of chloroplast;exploiting biocatalysis of high-efficiency utilization solar energy;photolyse H2O,obtain H2 energy;utilizing atmospheric CO2 as crude material for photo-synthetic biomass energy,for biodegradable polymeric materials,for high-purity pulp-cellulose,for photo-synthetic cotton fiber,for high-structural regularity cellulose fiber regard as crude material of carbon fiber and so on;these are human essential resources and energy;these work cannot be delayed even a moment.This is the optimum choice of sustainable development.更多还原