The significant achievements and future research orientation of biogeochemistry during the decade of 2001 to 2010 are briefly reviewed.Some carbon pools and related flux have been quantified in modern marine/ocean and land ecosystems.New microbial functional groups involved in sulfur and nitrogen cycles of modern ecosystems have been identified.The features and the possible causes of the abnormal carbon cycle occurring during the biotic crisis in Phanerozoic have been deciphered but the biogeochemical cycle...