【摘要】 从理论、观测、数值实验和实验室实验四个方面对国内外近20年来关于海洋内波破碎问题的研究成果进行了分析总结。数值实验和实验室实验表明:中高频内波破碎时,初始的不稳定是二维的,当最终有横向对流卷团形成时,能量开始大量耗散,这时不稳定发展成为三维的;从初始的二维不稳定到对流卷团的产生这一过程,到底是一个剪切不稳定过程,还是一个对流不稳定过程,或者是对流不稳定和剪切不稳定共同存在的一个过程,取决于海水的层化、地形、背景剪切流和内波的自身性质。现场曾观测到内孤立波破碎时存在的剪切不稳定过程,数值研究模拟出了内孤立波破碎时存在的对流不稳定过程。现有的海洋内波破碎判据主要是关于中高频海洋内波的。理论分析侧重于确定线性或弱非线性内波的破碎机制和破碎条件。更多还原

【Abstract】 The development of internal waves breaking in recently twenty years is reviewed from theories,observation results,numerical experiments and laboratory experiments aspects.Numerical and laboratory experiments indicate that initial instability leading to internal wave breaking is almost two dimensional.When the cross section convective rolls are formed,the energy begins to dissipate massively and ultimately three-dimensional-instability is dominated.During the process of the initial instability to the formation of the convective rolls,the intermediate process may be a shear instability,a convective instability or a combination of both,which depends on the stratification,background shear flows,topography features and characterics of internal wave.It’s validated by in situ data that the internal solitary wave breaking was caused by shear instability.The numerical simulation also illustrates the importance of convective instability.Existing internal wave breaking criterion mostly involves internal solitary waves.Theoretical analyses focus on linear and weakly nonlinear internal waves breaking mechanism and criterion.更多还原