【摘要】 目的了解神经症、酒使用障碍、精神发育迟滞和癫痫这4类常见的神经精神障碍在西藏的流行情况,为政府制订卫生规划提供科学依据。方法抽样参考两次全国精神障碍流行病学调查方法,在西藏具有代表性的4个地市进行,采取分级配额随机整群抽样方法,以常住人口为调查对象。筛查工具分别使用神经症筛查表、酒依赖及相关问题筛查表、儿童智力筛查表和癫痫筛查问卷;面检采用SCID-Ⅰ(美国精神障碍诊断与统计手册轴Ⅰ障碍用临床定式检查执行手册/研究版)作为定式检查工具。焦虑障碍和酒使用障碍以DSM-Ⅳ(美国精神障碍诊断与统计手册-第4版)为诊断标准,精神发育迟滞和癔症参考ICD-10(国际疾病分类,第10版)和CCMD-3(中国精神障碍分类与诊断标准,第3版)的诊断标准,癫痫按国际流调标准进行诊断。结果神经症、酒使用障碍、精神发育迟滞和癫痫的时点患病率分别为2.56%、4.06%、0.28%和0.68%;终生患病率分别为2.62%、4.24%、0.28%和0.72%。结论酒使用障碍和神经症是西藏两类最常见的精神健康问题;精神发育迟滞与癫痫则是危害西藏儿童和青少年身心发育的两类重大神经精神障碍,这些疾病的防治应列为本地区卫生工作规划中的重点。更多还原

【Abstract】 Objective To investigate the prevalence of four common neuropsychiatric disorders in Tibet,with an aim to providing information support to health planning.Methods The survey was carried out in four regions of Tibet.The sampling strategy was adapted from that of a national psychiatric epidemiological survey in China in 1982 and 1993.The Neurosis Screening Inventory,Screening Inventory for Alcohol Dependence and Related Problems,Child Intelligence Screening Inventory,and a questionnaire for the Detection of Epileptic Seizures were administered to the respondents through face to face interview.Those with a positive response and 10% of those with a negative response were further interviewed with the Structured Clinical Interview for DSM-Ⅳ Axis Ⅰ Disorders(research version)(SCID-Ⅰ).Anxiety disorders and alcohol used disorders were diagnosed according to the American Psychiatric Association: Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders(4th edition)(DSM-Ⅳ).Hysteria and mental retardation were diagnosed according to the International Classification of Diseases,10th edition(ICD-10),and the Chinese Classification of Mental Disorders,3rd edition(CCMD-3).Results The point prevalence of neuroses,alcohol-related disorders,mental retardation and epilepsy was 2.56%,4.06%,0.28% and 0.68%,respectively.The lifetime prevalence of neuroses,alcohol-related disorders,mental retardation and epilepsy was 2.62%,4.24%,0.28% and 0.72%,respectively.Conclusion Alcohol-related disorders and neuroses are the two common mental health problems in Tibet.Mental retardation and epilepsy are the two serious neuropsychiatric disorders affecting Tibetan children and adolescence.These disorders should be identified as priorities in the reginonal health planning in Tibet.更多还原